无溶剂聚氨酯合成革发泡涂层的制备和性能  

Preparation and Performances of Solvent-Free Polyurethane-Based Synthetic Leather Foam Coating

作　　者：龙建 高强 范浩军[1] 向均 胡卫雅 胡浩 徐庆 LONG Jian;GAO Qiang;FAN Haojun;XIANG Jun;HU Weiya;HU Hao;XU Qing(Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education(Sichuan University),Chengdu 610065,China;Lishui Nancheng Xincheng Industrial Innovation Service Co.,Ltd.,Lishui 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室(四川大学),四川成都610065 [2]丽水南城新澄产业创新服务有限公司,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《塑料工业》2024年第8期157-164,共8页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22378276);浙江省尖兵领雁研发攻关计划项目(2022C01190)。

摘　　要：双组分无溶剂聚氨酯(SFPU)合成革发泡方法局限性较大,为开发一种新型的封闭型SFPU以及探索其新的发泡技术,采用聚醚多元醇与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)共聚,丙酮肟(DMKO)进行封端,制备了封闭型SFPU,并与热膨胀聚合物微球(TEM)复合制备了一种无溶剂聚氨酯合成革发泡涂层,对涂层的力学性能、发泡倍率、柔软度、回弹性能、剥离强度和微观结构进行了表征。结果表明,原料中三元醇/二元醇最佳物质的量比为1∶1,在80℃下,合适的封端时间为30 min,最佳固化温度为120~130℃,最佳TEM质量分数为1%~2%,所获得涂层的断裂伸长率高于600%,发泡倍率介于2.0~2.5之间,泡孔细密均匀,柔软度和回弹性提高20%以上,剥离强度高于60 N/3cm,达到了合成革的应用要求。The existing bi-component solvent-free polyurethane(SFPU)synthetic leather foaming method has significant limitations.To develop a new type of blocked SFPU and explore its novel foaming technology,a blocked SFPU was prepared.Firstly,polyether polyols and diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI)were copolymerized,then the copolymer was capped with acetoxime(DMKO).The blocked SFPU was mixed with the thermal expansion microspheres(TEMs),preparing a solvent-free polyurethane-based synthetic leather foam coating.Simultaneously,the mechanical properties,foaming ratio,softness,resilience,peel strength,and microstructures of the coating were investigated.The results show that the optimal molar ratio of ternary alcohol to binary alcohol in the raw material is 1∶1,the appropriate capping time is 30 min at 80℃,the optimal curing temperature is 120-130℃,and the optimal amount of TEMs is 1%-2%,the obtained coating has a elongation at break of over 600%,a foaming ratio of 2.0-2.5,fine and uniform foam cells,the softness and resilience increased by more than 20%,and a peel strength of over 60 N/3cm,meeting the application requirements of synthetic leather.

关 键 词：无溶剂聚氨酯 封端 热膨胀微球 发泡涂层 合成革 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]