苏州市机动车排放清单及特征研究  

A study of vehicle emission inventory and its characteristics in Suzhou,China

作　　者：吴雨涟 杨洁[1] 邵智娟 沈春其 裴程伟 秦龙飞 郑嘉兴 徐婷婷 阚诗烨 宋程璐 崔璀 WU Yulian;YANG Jie;SHAO Zhijuan;SHEN Chunqi;PEI Chengwei;QIN Longfei;ZHENG Jiaxing;XU Tingting;KAN Shiye;SONG Chenglu;CUI Cui(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009;Vehicle Management Office of the Traffic Police Detachment of Suzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau,Suzhou 215129)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]苏州市公安局交通警察支队车辆管理所,苏州215129

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第9期129-139,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.42377051);苏州市科技计划民生科技项目(No.SS202027);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(No.KYCX23_3350)。

摘　　要：基于苏州市机动车保有量和活动水平等数据,应用COPERT模型本地化修正了机动车排放因子,计算苏州市2021年机动车大气污染物(CO、NO_(x)、SO_(2)、PM_(2.5)、VOCs)和CO_(2)的排放量,识别“车辆类型-燃料种类-排放标准”三层级的机动车排放特征.结合路网信息、交通数据,讨论了机动车排放“月-日-时”三级时间变化规律,并利用Arc GIS技术建立了苏州市2021年1 km×1 km高分辨率的网格化排放清单.结果表明,苏州市2021年机动车CO、NO_(x)、SO_(2)、PM_(2.5)和VOCs排放总量分别为6.16×10^(4)、5.11×10^(4)、0.02×10^(4)、0.25×10^(4)和1.01×10^(4)t,CO_(2)排放量为2716.31×10^(4)t.其中,非末端PM_(2.5)、VOCs排放贡献率分别为80.30%、34.76%.小型客车中汽油车保有量大,是VOCs、CO、SO_(2)和PM_(2.5)首要贡献源,贡献率分别达90.41%、79.24%、73.68%和61.17%.重型柴油货车保有量仅占2.41%,却排放了69.15%的NO_(x)和54.91%的*PM_(2.5).小型客车和重型货车是CO_(2)的主要贡献源,贡献率分别为72.67%、20.76%.国III及以下排放标准机动车对CO、NO_(x)、*PM_(2.5)和VOCs的平均排放贡献率达23.53%,远高于其保有量占比13.39%,与国IV排放标准机动车平均排放贡献率相当.时间分布上,机动车月排放在2月最低、5月最高,日排放整体呈“双峰一谷”分布,白天6:00—18:00机动车排放量占全天总量的63.92%.空间分布上,机动车排放水平呈现出由路网密集的城市中心向外延伸递减的特征,姑苏区是全市机动车高排放区,吴江区是低排放区.Based on the data of vehicle population and usage in Suzhou,the COPERT model,with localized vehicle emission factors,was employed to calculate the emissions of multiple air pollutants(CO,NO_(x),SO_(2),PM_(2.5),VOCs)and CO_(2)from vehicles in Suzhou in 2021.The three-tiered vehicle emission characteristics including vehicle types,fuel types,and emission standards were identified.Integrating road network information and traffic data,the"monthly-daily-hourly"temporal variations of vehicle emissions was investigated and a high-resolution(1 km×1 km grid)emission inventory for Suzhou in 2021 was established with the use of Arc GIS in this study.The results showed that the total emissions of CO,NO_(x),SO_(2),PM_(2.5)and VOCs from vehicles in Suzhou in 2021 were 6.16×10^(4)、5.11×10^(4)、0.02×10^(4)、0.25×10^(4)、1.01×10^(4)tons,and the CO_(2)emissions were 2716.31×10^(4)tons,respectively.Among them,the non-exhaust PM_(2.5)and VOCs emissions contributed 80.30%and 34.76%,respectively.Small gasoline passenger vehicles,which made up a large portion of all the vehicles,were revealed as the largest contributors to VOCs,CO,SO_(2),and PM_(2.5),accounting for 90.41%、79.24%、73.68%and 61.17%respectively.Although only comprising 2.41%of the total vehicles,heavy diesel trucks emitted 69.15%of NO_(x)and 54.91%of*PM_(2.5).These two types of vehicles were the main contributors to CO_(2)emissions,accounting for 72.67%and 20.76%,respectively.Vehicles with the China III and below emission standard contributed an average of 23.53%to the emissions of CO,NO_(x),*PM_(2.5),and VOCs,far higher than its population ratio of 13.39%and close to the average emissions from vehicles with the China IV emission standard.Vehicle emissions were lowest in February and highest in May,with the daily emissions showing a"double peak and one valley"pattern,where emissions from 6:00 to 18:00 accounted for 63.92%of the total daily emissions.Spatially,the level of vehicle emissions decreased from the densely road-networked city center outwards.The G

关 键 词：机动车排放 排放清单 排放特征 COPERT模型 苏州市 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]