电压对高盐废水中好氧污泥颗粒化过程及效能的影响  

The impact of varying voltages on the granulation process and performance of aerobic sludge in high-salinity wastewater

作　　者：李仕康 丁阿强 卢培利[1,2,3] 阳春[2] 赵汉卿 张代钧[1,2,3] LI Shikang;DING Aqiang;LU Peii;YANG Chun;ZHAO Hanqing;ZHANG Daijun(State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044;Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’sEco-Environments(Ministry of Education),Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045;Department of Environmental Science,College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学,煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [3]重庆大学,环境与生态学院环境科学系,重庆400045

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第9期194-205,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52200086,52070025);重庆市研究生科研创新项目(No.CYB23066);煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室面上项目(No.2011DA105287-MS202213);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(No.KJCXZD2020003)。

摘　　要：好氧颗粒污泥由于其对盐度较强的耐受能力是适用于高盐废水处理潜在的生物处理技术,但如何在高盐条件下快速实现污泥颗粒化并保证其高效稳定的性能仍是亟待解决的问题.生物电化学技术是一种通过电辅助手段强化微生物活性的新兴技术.本研究采用不同电压刺激好氧污泥系统,聚焦污泥颗粒化过程及污染物去除,探究其合适电压范围并阐述微生物学机制.结果表明,适宜的电压(0.6V)可明显提高颗粒化过程中好氧颗粒污泥的沉降性能和提高系统中大粒径颗粒占比.对系统的碳、氮去除能力进行分析比较发现,实验组在适宜电压作用下COD去除效果较对照组提高25%,出水中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐积累分别下降38.5%和36.5%.此外,0.6V电压还可刺激微生物生长,提高EPS的分泌,并且通过三维荧光光谱分析发现TB-EPS中色氨酸与蛋白质类物质含量显著增加,这有助于颗粒外形的塑造,促进污泥颗粒化.高通量测序结果表明,适宜电压作用下微生物群落多样性增加,其中,Azoarcus丰度较对照组提高62.4%,并且具有脱氮、高耐盐性等功能微生物的丰度较对照组有不同程度的增加,使系统的硝化反硝化能力增强.本研究的结论可为电辅助技术在好氧颗粒污泥处理高盐废水中的应用提供理论与技术基础.Aerobic granular sludge,is considered a promising biological treatment technology for high-salinity wastewater as its strong tolerance to salinity.However,achieving rapid sludge granulation and ensuring its efficient and stable performance under high-salinity conditions remain challenges.Bioelectrochemical technology is an emerging approach that enhances microbial activity through electrical assistance.In this study,different voltages were applied to stimulate aerobic sludge systems,focusing on the granulation process and pollutant removal,aiming to determine the optimal voltage and elucidate the microbial mechanisms.The results indicated that 0.6 V significantly improved the settling performance of aerobic granular sludge during granulation and increased the proportion of larger granules in the system.Under optimal electrical conditions,the experimental group showed a 25%enhancement in COD removal compared to the control group,while nitrate and nitrite accumulation in the effluent decreases by 38.5%and 36.5%respectively.Moreover,the application of 0.6 V voltage stimulated microbial growth,enhanced extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)secretion,and significantly increased the content of tryptophan and protein-like substances in TB-EPS.These factors contributed to shaping granule morphology and promoting sludge granulation.High-throughput sequencing results indicated that microbial community diversity increases under suitable electric treatment.The abundance of functional microorganisms such as Azoarcus and those associated with nitrogen removal and high salt tolerance exhibited a significant increase compared to the control group,thereby enhancing the nitrification and denitrification capability of the system.In summary,this study provided a theoretical and technical foundation for the application of electro-assisted technology in high-salinity wastewater treatment using aerobic granular sludge.

关 键 词：好氧颗粒污泥 电压 高盐废水 颗粒化 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]