基于纹影法的断路器击穿过程气流分布特性  

Research on Flow Distribution Characteristics in Circuit Breaker Breakdown Process Based on Schlieren Method

作　　者：董延东 王烨堃 孙继星 Dong Yandong;Wang Yekun;Sun Jixing(CHN ENERGY Institute of Transportation Technology Research,Beijing,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]员.国能运输技术研究院有限责任公司,北京 [2]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京

出　　处：《科学技术创新》2024年第21期54-58,共5页Scientific and Technological Innovation

摘　　要：断路器在分闸之后受多重雷击的影响会再次击穿,减小断路器寿命,威胁电力系统稳定运行。针对该问题,论文通过纹影法获得断路器开断冲击电流过程温度扩散过程,结合现有的图像识别技术获得了触头气隙气流温度特征、气流流动特征。研究结果表明断路器击穿过程产生激波波速约与同条件下声速相当,气流边界扩散最大速度约为同条件下的1/4声速,且衰减极快,在击穿后10 ms内即降低到气流漂移速度;热气流最大温度集中在6 000~8 000 K之间,温度变化近似与时间的平方成反比。研究为断路器触头结构设计、开断速度优化方法、灭弧室及绝缘设计优化等提供依据。Circuit breakers will be broken again under the influence of multiple lightning strikes after tripping,which reduces the life of circuit breakers and threatens the stable operation of the power system.To address this problem,the paper obtained the temperature diffusion process of circuit breaker opening impact current process by ripple shadow method,combined with the existing image recognition technology to obtain the temperature characteristics of the airflow in the contact air gap,airflow flow characteristics.The research results show that the shockwave velocity during circuit breaking is approximately equivalent to the speed of sound under similar conditions.The maximum boundary diffusion velocity of the airflow is about one-fourth of the speed of sound under similar conditions and decays rapidly,reducing to the drift velocity of the airflow within 10 ms after the circuit is broken.The maximum temperature of the thermal airflow concentrates be tween 6 000~8 000 K,with temperature changes approximately inversely proportional to the square of time.The study provides a basis for circuit breaker contact structure design,opening speed optimization method,interrupter chamber and insulation design optimization.

关 键 词：气体绝缘 纹影法 等离子体 触头结构 击穿 气流 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]