国家公园旅游对当地居民自然保护态度的影响机制——以神农架国家公园试点区为例  

Mechanism for impact of national park tourism on local residents′nature conservation attitude:a case study of Shennongjia Pilot National Park

作　　者：彭建[1] 齐媛媛 杨遥 PENG Jian;QI Yuanyuan;YANG Yao(School of Management,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China;Shanghai Municipal Development Center of Culture&Tourism,Shanghai 200040,China;School of Economics and Management,Pu′Er University,Pu′er 665000,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学管理学院,北京100081 [2]上海市文化和旅游事业发展中心,上海200040 [3]普洱学院经济管理学院,普洱665000

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第17期7461-7475,共15页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18BJY039)。

摘　　要：建立国家公园体制是我国建设生态文明、美丽中国以及实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化的重要抓手。当地社区居民是国家公园建设和管理的重要利益主体,也是参与国家公园自然保护的重要力量,如何培育当地居民积极的自然保护态度对于国家公园的建设和管理具有重要现实意义。以神农架国家公园试点区为例,基于刺激-有机体-反应(S-O-R)模型,引入地方依恋变量,构建了旅游影响感知、地方依恋和自然保护态度之间的结构关系模型,运用多群组嵌套结构方程模型(SEM)揭示了国家公园发展旅游对当地居民自然保护态度的影响机制。研究表明:(1)神农架国家公园试点区居民对旅游影响的感知对其自然保护态度有显著的直接影响;(2)地方依恋在神农架国家公园试点区居民旅游影响感知与其自然保护态度之间发挥着中介作用;(3)在旅游影响感知、地方依恋和自然保护态度之间的结构关系上,参与旅游的居民和未参与旅游的居民之间存在显著的群体差异。主要表现为前者对负面旅游影响的感知对其地方依恋感和自然保护态度均没有显著影响,而后者对负面旅游影响的感知对其地方依恋感和自然保护态度有显著影响。研究的理论贡献主要有两点:一是通过引入地方依恋作为中介变量,揭示了国家公园旅游影响当地居民自然保护态度的作用路径;二是通过参与旅游居民和未参与旅游居民两个群体的比较分析,进一步揭示了国家公园旅游影响当地居民自然保护态度的群体差异。Establishing national park system is an import strategy adopted by the Chinese government to better conserve the integrity and primitiveness of its large natural ecosystem,and to achieve the goal of ecological civilization and the modernization featured with the harmony between human being and nature.Local resident is not only one of the most important stakeholders in the process of establishing and managing a national park,but also is an active and significant force in conserving the natural ecosystem of a national park.In this sense,how to foster and strengthen the positive attitude of local residents toward nature conservation is of high importance for establishing and managing a national park.By introducing place attachment as intermediary variable and taking Shennongjia Pilot National Park as a case,the authors propose in this paper a structural relation model which conceptualizes tourism impact perception and place attachment and nature conservation attitude,and then employ multi-group nested Structure Equation Modelling(SEM)to reveal the mechanism that how national park tourism influences local residents′attitude toward nature conservation.The results indicate that:(1)the local residents′perception of tourism impacts has significantly direct impact on their attitude toward nature conservation;(2)The place attachment of local residents plays a significant intermediary role between the perception of tourism impact and their nature conservation attitude;(3)In terms of the structural relations among local residents′tourism impact perception,place attachment,and nature conservation attitude,there exists a significant group difference between the residents participating in tourism and those not.For the residents participating in tourism,their perception of negative tourism impact exerts no significant impact on both place attachment and nature conservation attitude.For the residents not participating in tourism,their perception of negative tourism impact can significantly and adversely influence their atti

关 键 词：社区居民 旅游影响感知 地方依恋 自然保护态度 神农架国家公园试点区 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理] X36[经济管理—产业经济]