不同污染压力对青岛董家口邻近海域大型底栖动物群落的影响  

Effects of different pollution stresses on macrofaunal communities in the adjacent waters of Dongjiakou,Qingdao,China

作　　者：蒋文贤 张明伟 刘晓收[1,2] JIANG Wenxian;ZHANG Mingwei;LIU Xiaoshou(College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,青岛266003 [2]中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化教育部重点实验室,青岛266003

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第17期7830-7843,共14页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41976131)。

摘　　要：研究利用2021年11月在青岛董家口邻近海域的14个站位采集的大型底栖动物数据,分析了不同污染压力对大型底栖动物群落的影响。共鉴定出大型底栖动物66个分类单元,主要类群为多毛类、节肢动物、环节动物、软体动物等。研究区域的平均丰度为343.33个/m^(2),平均湿重生物量为8.26g/m^(2)。研究区域的海域底质类型包括砂、粘土质粉砂、砂质粉砂、砂-粉砂-粘土四种类型。海域内的重金属污染较轻,铬、锌、铅、砷、铜、镉处于清洁水平,砷在部分站位存在轻度污染。通过BIOENV分析得出,影响大型底栖动物群落的决定因素包括化学需氧量、沉积物叶绿素a含量、锌、铅、镉含量,相关系数为0.460。对大型底栖动物群落结构的主要压力来源于重金属。在港区继续长期使用后,重金属的污染压力可能会增大。This study revealed the impacts of different pollution pressures on the community structure of macrofauna based on samples collected from 14 stations in the adjacent waters of Dongjiakou Port,Qingdao in November 2021.A total of 66 taxonomic units of macrofauna were identified,including polychaetes,arthropods,annelids,and mollusks.The average abundance in the study area was 343.33 ind./m^(2) with an average wet weight biomass of 8.26 g/m^(2).The seabed sediment types in the study area included sand,clayey silt,sandy silt,and a combination of sand-silt-clay.The heavy metal pollution in the area was relatively light with chromium,zinc,lead,arsenic copper and cadmium being mostly clean except for mild contamination by arsenic at some stations.BIOENV analysis revealed that chemical oxygen demand(COD),sediment Chlorophyll a,zinc,lead and cadmium were important factors affecting the community structure of macrofauna with a correlation coefficient of 0.460.The main pressure on the community structure was heavy metals.It indicated that after long-term use of the port,heavy metal pollution pressure in this area may increase in the future.

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 群落结构 环境因子 污染压力 重金属 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X503.225