从清宫档案看雍正与宫廷瓷器、珐琅器的制造  

Research on Emperor Yongzheng and the Manufacture of Palace Porcelain and Enamel from the Archives of Qing Palace

作　　者：胡湘海 苏金成 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学书法学院 [2]上海大学美术学院

出　　处：《中国陶瓷工业》2024年第4期107-111,共5页China Ceramic Industry

摘　　要：通过梳理清宫档案中对于瓷器、珐琅器的记载,总结出二者烧造的负责机构和职务设置,梳理制作它们的流程和钦定程序。雍正常亲自参与瓷器、珐琅器的设计,他从陈设、赏赐和日常使用等需求和功用的角度出发,进而将自己的创意和想法融入器物设计之中,涉及器型、釉色、纹饰、书画等方面。其设计方法主要为照样仿制、重新组合和局部修改。一件满意的器物需要经过多次上呈批览和雍正钦定才能交付制作,其中,沟通雍正、窑厂和造办处的媒介为纸样、木样、瓷样、合牌样。雍正对于造办处制作器物的气质要求为“内廷恭造”,其对于瓷器、珐琅器制作的介入,反映出帝王审美对宫廷用器风格的决定性影响,并推动了二者在文化和技术上的历史性革新。By combing the records of porcelain and enamel ware in the archives of Qing Palace,this paper summarizes the responsible institutions and post settings of their firing,andcombstheirproduction processesand imperial procedures.,EmperorYongzhengnormally,personally participated in the design of porcelain and enamel ware.From the perspective of the needs and functions of furnishings,rewards and daily use,he integrated his creativity and ideas into the design of utensils,involving utensils,glaze colors,ornamentation,painting,and calligraphy,etc.His design method is mainly_imitation,recombination_and partial modification.A satisfactory utensil can only be delivered and produced after many times of presentation and approval by Yongzheng.In this process,the media_communicating Yongzheng,kiln factory and construction office are pattern,wood sample,porcelain sample and composite card sample.Yongzheng's temperament requirement for the artifacts made by the construction office is"made by the imperial court".His intervention in the production of porcelain and enamel reflects the decisive influence of imperial aesthetics on the style of court artifacts,and promotes the historic innovation of both in culture and technology.

关 键 词：雍正 造办处 瓷器 珐琅器 设计 

分 类 号：G279.2[文化科学—档案学] K249[历史地理—历史学] J505[历史地理—中国史]