基于电极加热的方形单体废钢熔化特性研究  

Research on the melting characteristics of square single scrap steel based on electrode heating

作　　者：李少英 向继涛 耿明山[1,2] 潘宏涛 张宇航[1,2] 吕明 LI Shaoying;XIANG Jitao;GENG Mingshan;PAN Hongtao;ZHANG Yuhang;LYU Ming(Technical Research Institute,MCC Capital Engineering&Research Incorporation Limited,Beijing 100176,China;Beijing Casting-Rolling Engineering Research Center,Beijing 100176,China;Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]中冶京诚工程技术有限公司技术研究院,北京100176 [2]北京市铸轧工程技术研究中心,北京100176 [3]西安建筑科技大学,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《炼钢》2024年第5期18-28,59,共12页Steelmaking

基　　金：中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(YESS20230433)。

摘　　要：基于100 t电弧炉建立了废钢熔化的三维几何模型,研究了热源、废钢尺寸及留钢量对废钢熔化速率的影响。结果表明:在70 t留钢量大尺寸废钢熔池中,60 MW热源条件下废钢熔化速率高于无热源条件;在70 t留钢量、60 MW热源条件下,小尺寸(即尺寸减半)废钢的完全熔化时间为44.6 s,其熔化速率远超过大尺寸废钢的熔化速率。在此基础上,研究了不同留钢量对废钢熔化速率的影响,结果表明,60 t留钢量时废钢熔化速率最快,其完全熔化时间为44.3 s,40 t留钢量熔池废钢熔化速率最慢,浸没80 s仍未熔化,因此,过大和过小的留钢量均不利于废钢熔化。原因在于,在熔池升温过程中,大留钢量熔池升温较慢,在熔池降温过程中,小留钢量熔池降温较快,较低的熔池温度会降低废钢所得热通量,不利于废钢熔化。Based on a 100 t electric arc furnace,a three-dimensional geometric model of scrap melting was established in the study,and the influence of heat source,scrap size,and hot heel on the scrap melting rate was studied.The results showed that in the large-sized scrap molten pool with a hot heel of 70 t,the scrap melting rate under a 60 MW heat source condition was higher than that without a heat source condition.Under the condition of a 70 t hot heel and a 60 MW heat source,the complete melting time of small-sized(i.e.half sized)scrap steel was 44.6 s,and its melting rate far exceeded that of large-sized scrap steel.On this basis,the influence of different hot heel on the melting rate of scrap was studied.The results showed that the fastest melting rate of scrap was achieved with a 60 t hot heel,and its complete melting time was 44.3 s,while the slowest melting rate was achieved with a 40 t hot heel,flooding for 80 s without melting.Therefore,both too large and too small hot heel were unfavorable for scrap melting.The reason is that during the heating process of the molten pool,the heating rate of the molten pool with a large amount of retained steel is slower.During the cooling process of the molten pool,the cooling rate of the molten pool with a small amount of retained steel is faster.The lower temperature of the molten pool can reduce the heat flux obtained from the molten pool,which is not conducive to the melting of the scrap steel.

关 键 词：电炉炼钢 废钢熔化 废钢尺寸 留钢量 

分 类 号：TF741.32[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]