底吹氩钢包内流动及界面传热行为的数值模拟研究  

Numerical study on flow and interfacial heat transfer behavior in a ladle with bottom argon injection

作　　者：秦绪锋 王凤良 程常桂[3] 李阳[3] 卫卫 金焱[3] QIN Xufeng;WANG Fengliang;CHENG Changgui;LI Yang;WEI Wei;JIN Yan(Wuxi Juli Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi 214111,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡巨力重工股份有限公司,江苏无锡214111 [2]上海大学省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室,上海200444 [3]武汉科技大学钢铁冶金及资源利用省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《炼钢》2024年第5期49-59,共11页Steelmaking

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52204351,52174324);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2022M722487);省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室开放课题项目(SKLASS 2023-04);上海市科学技术委员会基金项目(19DZ2270200)。

摘　　要：钢包底吹氩是二次精炼中的常用手段,在均匀温度和成分、促进钢渣界面反应、去除夹杂物等方面效果显著,然而底吹氩在搅拌钢液的同时会加剧壁面耐材熔损,降低钢液洁净度,影响钢包寿命和使用安全性。采用数值模拟的方法研究了底吹氩钢包内钢渣流动及固液间传热行为,分析了单孔和双孔吹氩下气泡上浮及钢渣界面行为,对比了钢包不同结构界面处温度分布,探讨了吹氩量对钢包内流动传热及界面温度分布的影响。结果表明:底吹氩钢包内气泡羽流呈倒锥状分布,随着距渣眼距离的增加,钢渣界面速度和温度逐渐降低;同一气量下,相较于单孔吹氩,双孔吹氩下气泡羽流扩张角增大,渣眼面积减小,钢渣界面最大速度和湍动能较小;钢包不同结构界面温度由内向外逐渐降低,各界面渣线高度位置和底部存在较大的温度梯度;底吹氩所形成的局部循环流会导致工作层壁面的近钢渣界面位置形成高温热点区域。增大吹氩量,壁面高温热点区域温度和范围增大,近钢渣界面壁面的最大周向温差在20 K左右,双孔吹氩模式和低吹氩量有利于减小壁面周向温差。Bottom argon blowing in ladle is a common method in secondary refining process,which has significant effects on uniforming the temperature and composition of molten steel,promoting chemical reactions at steel-slag interface,and removing small-sized non-metallic inclusions.However,bottom argon blowing can exacerbate the refractory erosion during its stirring process,reduce the steel cleanliness,and affect the service life and service safety of the ladle.In this paper,the numerical simulation method was employed to study the flow behavior of steel-slag and heat transfer behavior between fluid and solid in a bottom argon blowing ladle.The floatation behavior of bubbles and interface behavior of steel-slag interface were analyzed.The temperature distribution at different structural interfaces of the ladle was compared.The effect of argon flow rate on the flow and heat transfer behavior and temperature distribution on the interfaces was investigated.The results show that the bubble plume in the bottom argon blowing ladle shows an inverted cone shape,and the velocity and temperature at the steel-slag interface gradually decrease as the distance from the slag open eye increases.With dual-plug argon blowing,the divergence angle of bubble plume is larger,the slag open eye,maximum velocity and turbulent kinetic energy at steel-slag interface are smaller than those with single-plug argon blowing.The temperature at the interface of different inner linings in the ladle gradually decreases from the inside out,and a large temperature gradient exists at the slag-line position and the bottom of ladle.The local circulating flow formed by bottom argon blowing results in high-temperature hot spots near the steel-slag interface on the inner wall of working layer.With an increase in the argon flow rate,the temperature and area of high-temperature hot spots increase,and the maximum circumferential temperature difference near the steel-slag interface is about 20 K.Dual-plugs argon blowing mode and lower argon flow rate are beneficial fo

关 键 词：钢包 底吹氩 流动 界面传热 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TF769.2[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]