现代航运与晚清汉口城市发展变迁  

Modern Shipping and Development&Transition of Hankou in Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：王耀 周天健 WANG Yao;ZHOU Tian-jian(Center for Urban Research,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;School of Law,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学城市研究中心,湖北武汉430056 [2]江汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430056

出　　处：《宜春学院学报》2024年第8期70-76,共7页Journal of Yichun University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“大历史视域下的城镇发展:长江城镇带历史演变的基础理论研究”(项目编号:19YJA770027)。

摘　　要：以轮船运输为主要形式的现代航运自晚清传入中国后,诸多城市就此被强行纳入世界市场体系当中,成为资本主义市场的附庸,城市发展进程就此彻底转向。明清时期,汉口曾是中西部最大最繁荣的内河水运港口。1861年开埠通商后,现代航运裹挟而来,汉口城市现代化进程由此开启。在现代轮船运输的作用下,城市空间从沿河逐步向沿江扩张,城市经济结构由对内贸易为主转向对外贸易为主,现代航运中心的城市功能初步显现。作为明清时期因商、因水而兴的城市,考察汉口在晚清时期因现代航运而引发的城市变迁过程,对近代中国城市史、交通史的研究不无裨益。After modern shipping with ship transportation as its main form was introduced to China in the late Qing Dynasty,many cities were forcibly incorporated into the world market system and became vassals of the capitalist market,and the urban development process completely shifted.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Hankou was the largest and most prosperous inland water transport port in the central and western regions.After Hankou opened up its port to engage in business and trade with foreign countries in 1861,modern shipping came along,and the modernization process of Hankou City opened.Under the influence of modern ship transportation,urban space gradually expanded from areas along small rivers to areas along big rivers,the urban economic structure shifted from domestic trade to foreign trade,and the urban function of the modern shipping center initially emerged.As a city whose prosperity came from business and water during the Ming and Qing dynasties,the process of investigating Hankou’s urban changes caused by modern shipping in the late Qing Dynasty is beneficial to the research on the history of modern China’s cities and transportation.

关 键 词：现代航运 汉口 城市空间 经济形态 城市功能 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]