立地环境和林分结构驱动的辽东栎林生长与模拟  

Growth and Simulation of Quercus mongolica Forests Driven by Site Environment and Stand Structure

作　　者：刘兵兵 于澎涛[1] 王彦辉[1] 张雪[2] Liu Bingbing;Yu Pengtao;Wang Yanhui;Zhang Xue(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《陆地生态系统与保护学报》2024年第3期1-11,共11页Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2021ZW002,CAFYBB2022XD003);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点项目(U21A2005,U20A2085)。

摘　　要：【目的】定量研究宁夏六盘山区辽东栎(Quercus mongolica)林的树高和胸径生长对气候、地形、土壤、林分结构等多种因子变化的响应规律,在此基础上构建多因子耦合模型,准确模拟和预测气候等因子对森林生长的影响。【方法】依据宁夏六盘山区环境梯度,2021—2022年对79块辽东栎天然次生林样地进行每木调查,利用上外包线法确定林分平均树高和平均胸径对立地环境和林分结构等因子的响应关系和函数类型,通过连乘构建多因子耦合模型框架并基于实测数据拟合模型参数,用于模拟气候变化对辽东栎林生长的影响。【结果】同时影响六盘山区辽东栎林平均树高和平均胸径生长的主要因子是林龄、林分密度、年均降水量、年均气温、土壤厚度。平均树高和平均胸径随林龄增大呈缓慢−快速−缓慢的生长变化,随林分密度增大呈先稳定后加速下降的变化,随土壤厚度和年均降水量增大呈先快速增加后渐趋平稳的变化,随年均气温升高呈先快速上升后快速下降的单峰变化趋势。根据林分平均树高和平均胸径对各单因子的响应函数构建了二者的多因子耦合模型,预测精度较高(R2>0.70)。对年均气温升高1.5℃的情景模拟结果表明,整个六盘山区的辽东栎林平均树高和平均胸径生长速率都会降低,其降低幅度在气候冷湿的六盘山区南部分别为10%和7%,在气候暖湿的六盘山区中部分别为15%和12%,在气候暖干的六盘山区北部分别为18%和13%。【结论】宁夏六盘山区辽东栎次生林的平均树高和平均胸径生长同时受气候、林分结构、立地环境等多因子的影响,建立反映多个主要因子(年均降水量、年均气温、林龄、林分密度、土壤厚度)影响的耦合生长模型可以准确预测气候变化和密度调控对树高和胸径生长的影响。未来的气温升高将会降低平均树高和平均胸径的生长,但降低�【Objective】This study aims to quantitatively study the growth response of tree height and diameter at breast height(DBH)of Quercus mongolica forests to multiple factors of climate,topography,soil,and forest stand structure in the Liupan Mountains area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China,and further to build a multi-factor coupling model for accurately simulating and predicting the effects of climate and other factors on forest growth.【Method】Based on the environmental gradient in the Liupan Mountains area,79 plots of natural secondary forests of Quercus mongolica were established for doing individual tree survey in 2021 and 2022.Using upper outer boundary line method to determine the response relationships and function types of stand mean height and mean DBH to site environment and stand structure factors.A multifactorial coupled model framework was constructed through multiplying the single factor response functions,and model parameters were fitted based on measured data,to simulate the climate change effect on the forest growth.【Result】The main factors simultaneously affecting the growth of stand mean tree height and mean DBH of Quercus mongolica forests in the Liupan Mountains area were stand age,stand density,mean annual precipitation,mean annual temperature,and soil thickness.The stand mean tree height and mean DBH exhibit a slow-fast-slow growth pattern with increasing stand age.With increasing stand density,they first remain stable and then decline rapidly.As soil thickness and mean annual precipitation increase,they initially increase rapidly and then stabilize.With rising mean annual temperature,they show a unimodal trend,first rising rapidly and then declining rapidly.The multifactorial coupled models for stand mean tree height and mean DBH were constructed based on the single-factor response functions,and these models showed higher prediction accuracy(R2>0.70).The simulation results of scenarios of 1.5℃increase in mean annual temperature showed that the stand mean tree height and me

关 键 词：辽东栎 天然林 树高 胸径 气候变化 立地条件 林分结构 耦合模型 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]