阻燃剂及阻燃整理应用研究进展  

Research progress of flame retardants and flame-retardant finishing

作　　者：陈嘉琳 乐超凡 吴经方 华雨涔 刘启诺 方鹏斌 Chen Jialin;Le Chaofan;Wu Jingfang;Hua Yucen;Liu Qinuo;Fang Pengbin(College of Chemical and Textile Engineering,Xinjiang University of Science and Technology,Korla 841000)

机构地区：[1]新疆科技学院化工与纺织工程学院,库尔勒841000

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2024年第9期48-53,58,共7页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：大学生创新创业训练项目(S202413561022和X202413561129)。

摘　　要：阻燃材料在燃烧时可自熄或不燃,有效地延缓、阻止或终止火焰的蔓延,实现阻燃。高分子材料性能优良、价格低廉而被广泛应用于各个领域,但存在阻燃性不足,燃烧时放热速率快,放热量及发烟量大,火焰传播速度快,燃烧释放有毒和助燃气体等缺点,提高高分子材料阻燃性是目前亟需解决的问题。总结了阻燃机理及阻燃整理方法,重点阐述无机、卤系、氮系、磷系、磷氮协同、硅系阻燃剂性能及其作用机制,以提高高分子材料阻燃性能,拓宽材料应用。Flame-retardant materials can be self-extinguishing or non-flammable when burning,effectively delaying,preventing or terminating the spread of the flame to achieve fire resistance.Polymer materials with excellent performance and low price are widely used in various fields,but they have insufficient flame retardancy,fast combustion heat release rate,significant heat and smoke production,rapid flame propagation,and combustion release of toxic and combustion-supporting gases.Therefore,improving the flame retardancy of polymer materials is an issue that needs to be solved urgently.In this paper,the flame-retardant mechanism and flame-retardant finishing methods were summarized,focusing on the properties and action mechanisms of inorganic,halogen,nitrogen,phosphorus,phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic and silicon-based flame retardants,aiming to improve the flame-retardant properties of polymer materials and expand the application of materials.

关 键 词：阻燃 阻燃剂 阻燃机理 阻燃整理 高分子材料 

分 类 号：TS195.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]