突发公共卫生事件下献血者应急招募方案的建立及应用分析  

The establishment and application of anemergency recruitment strategy for blood donors in Shenzhen under public health emergencies

作　　者：宁理 张艳艳[1] 邬旭群[1] 庄乃保[1] 黄静雅 黄力勤 NING Li;ZHANG Yanyan;WU Xuqun;ZHUANG Naibao;HUANG Jingya;HUANG Liqin(Shenzhen Blood Centre,Shenzhen 518040,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市血液中心,广东深圳518040

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2024年第9期1063-1067,共5页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：深圳市科技创新委员会可持续发展科技专项(KCXFZ20230731093402006);深圳市医疗卫生三名工程(SZSM202311032)。

摘　　要：目的建立和完善突发公共卫生事件下献血者应急招募方案并验证其成效。方法制定平时、急时、平急结合三种状态下的献血者招募策略,并根据需要有层次启动献血者应急招募方案。将2017—2019年新型冠状肺炎疫情发生前血液采集数据作为对组照,以2020—2022年新型冠状肺炎疫情发生后血液采集数据作为实践组,对血液采供关键指标进行统计分析,确认该应急招募方案的可行性及有效性。结果突发公共卫生事件下应用这套献血者应急招募方案,实践组较对照组全血采集量同比增长14.11%(73647.25/521855.5),血小板采集量同比增长42.33%(28891.47/68250.95),初次献血者同比增长0.33%(529/161033),重复献血者同比增长33.25%(3154/9487),400 mL献血人数增长16.78%(32585/194149),各型红细胞血液库存量始终保持在6~18 d。应急招募方案实施后,献血人群呈现年轻化、本地化、重复性、大专以上学历增多等特征和趋势。结论突发公共卫生事件下无偿献血者应急招募方案可行且有效,能迅速有效提升血液招募采集能力。Objective To establish and improve the emergency recruitment strategy of voluntary blood donors under public health emergencies in Shenzhen and verify its effectiveness.Methods Blood donor recruitment strategies under routine,emergency and combined situation were developed.The blood collection data from 2017 to 2019 before the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic was used as the control group,and those from 2020 to 2022 after the outbreak was used as the experimental group,and the feasibility and effectiveness of this emergency recruitment strategy was confirmed through statistical analysis of key indicators of blood collection and supply.Results Through the application of the emergency recruitment strategy for blood donors in Shenzhen under public health emergencies,statistical analysis of the experimental group and the control group showed a year-on-year increase of 14.11%(73647.25/521855.5)in whole blood collection,42.33%(28891.47/68250.95)in platelet collection,0.33%(529/161033)in first-time donors,33.25%(3154/9487)in repeated donors and 16.78%(32585/194149)in the number of 400 mL donors.The inventory of various types of red blood cell maintained between 6-18 days.After the implementation of the emergency recruitment strategy the blood donation population has shown characteristics as younger age,localization,increased repeated donation and a higher proportion of donors with college education or above.Conclusion The emergency recruitment strategy of blood donors under public health emergencies is feasible and effective,which can quickly and efficiently improve the blood recruitment ability.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 采供血机构 无偿献血者 应急招募 深圳 

分 类 号：R193.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]