基于HPLC与化学计量法的不同年限林下参茎、叶中皂苷类成分比较分析  

Comparative analysis of ginsenosides in stems and leaves of understory Panax ginseng of different ages based on HPLC and chemometric methods

作　　者：刘星彤 刘婧影 康忠禹 赵丽明 刘莉[1] 齐滨[1] LIU Xingtong;LIU Jingying;KANG Zhongyu;ZHAO Liming;LIU Li;QI Bin(School of Pharmacy,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130000,China;Jilin Ginseng Academy,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]长春中医药大学药学院,吉林长春130000 [2]长春中医药大学吉林省人参科学研究院,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《中草药》2024年第15期5238-5244,共7页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科学研究项目(JJKH20230979KJ);“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1600903-02);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210199018X)。

摘　　要：目的采用HPLC法对不同年限人参Panax ginseng(林下参)茎、叶中10种人参皂苷类成分含量进行测定,结合化学模式识别比较含量差异。方法采用HPLC法对10、15、20、25年林下参茎、叶中人参皂苷Rg_(1)、Re、Rf、Rg_(2)、Ro、Rb_(1)、Rc、Rb_(2)、Rb_(3)、Rd含量进行测定,采用化学计量学方法对结果进行分析。结果HPLC结果显示,在林下参茎中未检测到人参皂苷Rb_(2)、Rb_(3),林下参叶中10种皂苷含量远高于林下参茎中。在4种年限林下参叶中,10种人参皂苷总量在60~100 mg/g,20年时含量最高;在4种年限林下参茎中,除人参皂苷Rb_(2)、Rb_(3)外的8种人参皂苷总量在20年最高;原人参二醇型皂苷在20年林下参叶中最高。原人参三醇型皂苷在15年林下参叶中皂苷含量最高;4种年限林下参茎、叶中差异性成分为人参皂苷Re、Rd、Rg_(1)和Rc。结论不同生长年限的林下参茎、叶中皂苷含量存在差异,为林下参非药用部位资源的开发与利用提供理论依据。Objective The contents of 10 species of ginsenosides in the stems and leaves of understory Renshen(Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.)of different ages were measured by HPLC method,and the content differences were compared by chemical pattern recognition.Methods The contents of ginsenoside Rg_(1),Re,Rf,Rg_(2),Ro,Rb_(1),Rc,Rb_(2),Rb_(2),Rb_(3) and Rd in the stems and leaves of understory P.ginseng at 10,15,20 and 25 years were measured by HPLC method,and the results were analyzed by chemometric method.Results HPLC results showed that no ginsenosides Rb_(2) and Rb_(3) were detected in understory P.ginseng stems,and the content of 10 saponins in understory P.ginseng leaves was much higher than that in understory P.ginseng stems.Among the four kinds of understory P.ginseng leaves,the total amount of ginsenosides of 10 species was 60—100 mg/g,and the content was the highest at 20 years.Among the four kinds of understory P.ginseng stems,the total amount of ginsenosides in eight except ginsenosides Rb_(2) and Rb_(3) was the highest in 20 years.Protopanaxadiol(PPD)-type saponins were the highest in understory P.ginseng in 20 years,and protopanaxatriol(PPT)-type saponins had the highest content of saponins in understory P.ginseng leaves in 15 years.The different components in the stems and leaves of understory P.ginseng under the four ages were ginsenosides Re,Rd,Rg_(1) and Rc.Conclusion There are differences in saponin content in the stems and leaves of understory P.ginseng under different growth years,which provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of non-medicinal parts of understory P.ginseng.

关 键 词：林下参 人参皂苷Rg_(1) 人参皂苷Re 人参皂苷Rf 人参皂苷Rg_(2) 人参皂苷Ro 人参皂苷Rb_(1) 人参皂苷Rc 人参皂苷Rb_(2) 人参皂苷Rb_(3) 人参皂苷RD HPLC 化学计量学 

分 类 号：R286.2[医药卫生—中药学]