巴特沃斯带阻声学滤波器设计  

Butterworth band-stop acoustic filter design

作　　者：吴雷 梅玉林[1] 王晓明[2] WU Lei;MEI Yulin;WANG Xiaoming(School of Automotive Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学汽车工程学院,辽宁116024 [2]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁116024

出　　处：《应用声学》2024年第5期980-990,共11页Journal of Applied Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975083,51775080,11372059,11272073)。

摘　　要：基于声电类比,通过电滤波器设计声学结构,得到的声学结构和电滤波器的滤波性能存在差异。为此,提出了针对声学结构声质量和声容的修正策略。首先,基于声电类比,建立声学滤波器的理论传递函数模型。然后,设计一阶巴特沃斯带阻声学滤波器,应用有限元法仿真其传递损失,并与传递函数理论模型的计算结果进行比较。接着,采用最小二乘法构造迭代优化算法,基于有限元幅频仿真数据,拟合声学滤波器的传递函数,计算声质量和声容的理论值和拟合值之间的误差,提出声质量和声容的修正策略。最后,通过设计一阶和三阶巴特沃斯声学带阻滤波器,对修正策略进行验证。研究表明,基于声电类比设计的声学滤波器,中心频率和阻带宽度皆偏离设计目标,且相对误差随目标阻带宽度的增加而增加;修正后的一阶巴特沃斯声学带阻滤波器,中心频率和阻带宽度的相对误差均值皆小于2%;修正后的三阶巴特沃斯声学带阻滤波器,中心频率相对误差从4.6%降到0.6%,阻带宽度相对误差从7.5%降到2.5%;应用提出的声质量和声容的修正策略,能显著提高通过电滤波器预测声学结构滤波性能的精度。Based on the acoustic-electric analogy,an acoustic structure can be designed by an electric filter.However,its filtering performances usually deviate from those of the electric filter.In order to improve the accuracy of predicting filtering performances of the acoustic structure,the strategy for modifying the sound inductance and sound capacitance of the acoustic structure is proposed.First,the transfer function model of the acoustic filter is established based on the acoustic-electric analogy.Second,the acoustic filter is designed by the first-order Butterworth band-stop electric filter with the given center frequency and stop-band width.The finite element method is used to simulate transmission losses of the acoustic filter,and relative errors,between the acoustic filter and the electric filter,of the center frequency and stop-band width are analyzed.And then,an iterative optimization algorithm is constructed by adopting least square method to fit finite element simulation data and to establish a new transfer function model of the acoustic filter based on the data fitting.Subsequently,the strategy for modifying the sound inductance and sound capacitance of the acoustic filter is proposed by analyzing differences between the two transfer function models.Finally,the first-and third-order Butterworth band-stop acoustic filters are designed to verify the modification strategy.The research shows that,for the acoustic structure designed based on the acoustic-electric analogy,its center frequency and stop-band width deviate from the given design requirements,and relative errors increase with the increase in the given stop-band width;for the modified first-order Butterworth band-stop acoustic filter,average relative errors of its center frequency and stop-band width are both less than 2%;for the modified third-order Butterworth band-stop acoustic filter,relative errors of its center frequency and stopband width reduce from 4.6%to 0.6%,and from 7.5%to 2.5%,separately.

关 键 词：声电类比 声学结构 滤波性能 传递函数 

分 类 号：TB535.2[理学—物理]