湍流风况下风电机组机舱近尾流的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on the Near Wake of Wind Turbine Nacelles Under Turbulent Wind Conditions

作　　者：汪涛[1] 卢新根[2] 王晓东[1] 樊庆洋 梁翰文 Tao Wang;Xin-gen Lu;Xiao-dong Wang;Qing-yang Fan;Han-wen Liang(Key Laboratory of Energy Transmission Transformation and System Ministry of Education,North China Electric Power University;The Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电站能量传递转化与系统教育部重点实验室 [2]中科院工程热物理研究所

出　　处：《风机技术》2024年第4期60-66,共7页Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51876063)。

摘　　要：水平轴风电机组机舱风速是机组控制的主要信号参数。机舱风速受风电机组来流湍流与风电机组近尾流影响,变化复杂,对风电机组的优化控制有重要的影响。本文采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,对湍流风况下风电机组机舱近尾流进行了详细分析。对比研究了稳态均匀风况和湍流风况下的近尾流的结构、机舱速度分布及其对风电机组总体性能的影响。研究发现,风电机组总体性能随湍流风况波动也呈现多尺度波动特征。湍流风况下,经过滤波后的机舱风速的时间序列和来流风速的时间序列体现出很强的相关性。对于湍流风况和稳态均匀风况,叶片/风轮旋转对风电机组机舱风速波动的影响最大。湍流风况会增加风电机组机舱风速的波动频率,增大波动的幅值,削弱风轮旋转对尾流和机舱风速的影响。湍流风况使得机舱周围的流动结构更复杂。稳态均匀风况与湍流风况下叶片吸力面叶根位置处都发生了分离流动,湍流强度增大了叶根位置处的流动分离。The nacelle wind speed of horizontal-axis wind turbines is a crucial signal parameter for units control,influenced by the inflow turbulence and the near wake of the wind turbine,making its variability complex and significantly impacting the optimization of wind turbine control.This paper utilizes Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)methods for an in-depth analysis of the near wake of turbine nacelles under turbulent wind conditions.It compares the structure of the near wake,the distribution of nacelle wind speeds,and their effects on the overall performance of wind turbines under both uniform and turbulent conditions.The study finds that the overall performance of wind turbines shows multi-scale fluctuations in response to turbulent conditions.In turbulence,the time series of the filtered nacelle wind speed demonstrates a strong correlation with the time series of the incoming wind speed.For both turbulent and uniform conditions,the rotation of blades/rotor has the most significant impact on the fluctuations in nacelle wind speeds.Turbulent wind conditions increase the fluctuation frequency of nacelle wind speeds,amplify the fluctuation amplitude,and weaken the impact of turbine rotation on the wake and nacelle wind speeds.Turbulent wind conditions also complicate the flow structure around the nacelle.Flow separation occurs at the blade root on the suction side under both uniform and turbulent conditions,with increased turbulence intensity making the flow separation at the blade root more pronounced.

关 键 词：水平轴风电机组 机舱风速 近尾流 湍流风况 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]