北部湾及其邻近海域棕斑兔头鲀7个地理群体形态差异  

Morphological variation of Lagocephalus spadiceus in seven geographical populations from Beibu Gulf and its adjacent waters

作　　者：徐浩 黄亮亮[3] 王才广 吴志强[1,3] 承亚男 苏琼源 杨伊恒 张秀国 胥鹏 XU Hao;HUANG Liangliang;WANG Caiguang;WU Zhiqiang;CHENG Yanan;SU Qiongyuan;YANG Yiheng;ZHANG Xiuguo;XU Peng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541004,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Guangxi VIM Marine Technology Company Limited,Beihai Guangxi 536000,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation,Qinzhou Guangxi 535011,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林理工大学,广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [3]桂林理工大学,广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541006 [4]广西精工海洋科技有限公司,广西北海536000 [5]广西北部湾海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室,广西钦州535011

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2024年第4期401-411,共11页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22035050);国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2087);北部湾海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室开放课题(2022KA01)。

摘　　要：为解决棕斑兔头鲀(Lagocephalus spadiceus)群体分布广泛、种群结构不明等问题,分别采集北部湾沿岸海域(北海市、湛江市、雷州市、儋州市、东方市)和邻近海域(茂名市、漳州市)共7个不同地理群体的棕斑兔头鲀278尾,基于14项可量性状和16项框架结构数据,运用多变量形态度量学方法对7个棕斑兔头鲀群体进行形态差异研究。单因素方差分析显示,仅尾柄高/体长(CPH/BL)和臀鳍基部末端至臀鳍基部起点/体长(G-H/BL)两个框架结构数据在各群体间无显著性差异(P>0.05);主成分散点图显示,茂名和漳州群体与北部湾海域群体差异较大,第1主成分反映头部的差异,第2主成分反映尾部的差异;聚类分析显示,北部湾海域5个群体聚为一组,邻近海域的茂名和漳州群体聚为另一组。判别分析构建了7个群体的判别函数,综合判别率为82.79%,其中漳州群体判别准确率最高(100.00%),儋州群体最低(68.42%)。不同群体间头部和尾部的差异可能是由于摄食和栖息地利用的差异造成的。研究结果可为棕斑兔头鲀资源养护和管理提供科学依据。Lagocephalus spadiceus,belonging to Tetraodontiformes,Tetraodntoiaei,Tetraodontidae,is widely distributed along the south China coast.It has high nutritional and economic values.Due to the widespread and ambiguous population structure of L.spadiceus,a total of 278 individuals from offshore seas of Beibu Gulf(Beihai,Zhanjiang,Leizhou,Danzhou,Dongfang)and its adjacent sea areas(Maoming and Zhangzhou)were collected in this study.Multivariate morphometric methods were used to investigate the morphological differentiation of seven populations of L.spadiceus based on the proportional data of 14 measurable indices and 16 frame structure indices.The results of one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)indicated no significant difference in the caudal peduncle height/body length(CPH/BL)and end of anal fin base to origin of anal fin/body length(G-H/BL).The scatter plot of the principal components showed that the morphological characteristics of populations from Maoming and Zhangzhou were different from those of others.PC1 indicated the differences in the head,while PC2 showed the differences in the tail.Two groups were categorized based on morphological similarity by cluster analysis.One group consisted of populations from Beibu Gulf,and the other group was composed of 5 populations outside Beibu Gulf(Maoming and Zhangzhou).The discriminant functions of 7 populations were constructed by discriminant analysis,and the comprehensive discriminant accuracy rate was 82.79%,the population from Zhangzhou had the highest discrimination accuracy(100.00%),while the population from Danzhou had the lowest discrimination accuracy(68.42%).The head length and tail length were identified as the main differences among different populations of L.spadiceus,which might be caused by differences in diet and habitat utilization.The results can provide scientific support for the resource conservation and management of L.spadiceus.

关 键 词：棕斑兔头鲀 形态差异 多变量形态度量学 北部湾 

分 类 号：Q349[生物学—遗传学]