播期对黄河三角洲盐碱地燕麦生育期、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Sowing Date on Growth Period,Yield and Quality of Oats in Saline-alkali Land in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：王宁 孙一鸣 高迎春 刘树泽 武利峰 于海霞 尤晓胜 田雪慧 王灿[3] WANG Ning;SUN Yiming;GAO Yingchun;LIU Shuze;WU Lifeng;YU Haixia;YOU Xiaosheng;TIAN Xuehui;WANG Can(Binzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Binzhou 256600;Binzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Binzhou 256600;Spice and Beverage Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wanning 571599,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州市农业科学院,山东滨州256600 [2]滨州市农业技术推广中心,山东滨州256600 [3]中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,海南万宁571599

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2024年第4期19-24,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省现代农业杂粮产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-15-06)。

摘　　要：为明确燕麦在黄河三角洲盐碱地的最适播期,本试验于2023年设置3月6日、3月22日、4月6日3个播期,研究播期对燕麦生育期、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,3月6日与3月22日播期的燕麦生育期接近,4月6日播期的燕麦生育期明显缩短。随着播期延后,3个燕麦品种生育期积温、株高均呈下降趋势;3月22日播期的燕麦穗粒数、产量最高;3月6日播期的燕麦千粒重最大;不同品种燕麦的粗脂肪含量、粗蛋白含量和粗淀粉含量等品质指标对播期的响应不一致。综合来看,黄河三角洲盐碱地上燕麦的最适播期为3月22日,此播期下燕麦生育期适中,可获得更高的产量;燕麦品种坝莜8号产量最高,适宜于单一种植体系,而花早2号生育期最短,可作为燕麦-玉米轮作体系推荐品种。本研究结果可为黄河三角洲地区燕麦高产栽培播期的选择提供理论参考及数据支撑。In order to clarify the optimal sowing time of naked oats in saline-alkali land in the Yellow River Delta,three sowing dates(March 6th, March 22nd and April 6th)were set up in 2023 to study the effects of sowing time on the growth period, yield and quality of naked oats. The results showed that the number of oat growth days on March 6th and March 22nd was similar, and the growth period on April 6th was significantly shortened. With the delay of sowing date, the accumulated temperature and plant height of the three oat varieties decreased during the growth period. The number of grains per spike and grain yield of oats sown on March 22nd were the highest.The 1 000-grain weight of oats sown on March 6th was the largest;The response of crude fat, crude protein and crude starch content to sowing date was inconsistent among different oat varieties. On the whole, the optimal sowing time of naked oats on saline-alkali land in the Yellow River Delta was March 22nd, and the growth period of oats under this sowing date was moderate, and higher yields could be obtained. The cultivar Bayou 8 had the highest yield and was suitable for monoculture system, while Huazao 2 had a shorter growth period, which could be used as a recommended variety for oat-maize rotation system. The results of this study can provide reference and data support for the selection of high-yield cultivation and sowing date of naked oats in the Yellow River Delta.

关 键 词：燕麦 黄河三角洲 盐碱地 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]