面向老年人局部差异热需求的加热被褥设计  

Design of heated bedding for localized differential thermal needs of the elderly

作　　者：顾舒婷 陈晨依 许静娴 GU Shuting;CHEN Chenyi;XU Jingxian(College of Textile and Clothing Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215006,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第9期175-182,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(23KJD540002)。

摘　　要：为改善老年人冬季睡眠热舒适性,提高睡眠质量,基于老年人睡眠局部差异热需求研究了分区加热被褥。使用暖体假人及人工气候舱模拟老年人冬季睡眠场景,进行睡眠实验,探究老年人冬季睡眠的加热需求,并比较电加热和热水袋2种加热方式的作用机制,以此为依据提出分区加热被褥设计方案。结果表明:当被褥无加热时,老年人胸部、背部、手部和脚部皮肤温度低于热舒适温度0.5~2.6℃,而背部和脚部更适宜进行局部加热;热水袋加热方式因升温速率高且水温下降后给人体带来接触冷感,而电加热方式升温速率平缓且能维持皮肤温度在34.5~35℃的舒适范围;在背部和脚部组合电加热作用下,被下微环境整体温度得以提升,胸部和手部皮肤温度也升高至热舒适温度范围,即分区电加热方案可有效改善老年人整体及局部睡眠热舒适性。本文研究结果可为开发高性能分区加热被褥提供理论参考及数据支撑。Objective Studies on winter bedding systems have been carried out to improve the thermal comfort and sleep quality of the elderly.Previous studies mainly focused on the overall thermal needs of the human body during sleep,such as temperature-control mattresses and electric blankets,while ignoring the specificity of the thermo-physiology in the elderly and the variability of localized thermal needs of the body.In order to make the temperature control more targeted,localized heating was proposed instead of whole-body heating to meet the local thermal needs of the human body,which would help save energy at the same time.Method An artificial climate chamber,along with a lying thermal manikin,was adopted to simulate the real sleep scene of the elderly in winter.Three groups of sleeping tests were conducted.The first scenario involved no heating elements in the bedding system,and the body parts which need additional heating were figured out by comparing the measured skin temperatures with neutral skin temperatures.In the other two groups of tests,electrical heating pads and hot water bags were attached to the quilt and mattress separately to heat the body parts which need heating.By comparing the skin temperatures under the two heating methods,the design of a localized heating bedding system was proposed.Results It was found that the skin temperature at chest,back,hands and feet were significantly(p<0.05)lower than the corresponding neutral skin temperature.This indicates that these four body parts would need additional heating to satisfy the thermal comfort needs of the elderly.After applying the electric heating pads,the skin temperature of back increased rapidly at a rate of 0.224℃/min.The lowest and highest comfortable skin temperature of 32.8℃and 35℃were reached in 10 min and 22 min,respectively.The skin temperature of the back continued rising for another 2 min before starting to decrease after turning off the heater,and after 20 min it stays within the comfortable temperature range of around 33.7℃for sle

关 键 词：老年人 睡眠热舒适 局部热需求 加热被褥 差异热需求 被服系统 

分 类 号：TS941.75[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]