中高级水平二语学习者汉字知识体系的构建——来自汉字构形教学的实践  

The Construction of Chinese Character Knowledge System for Intermediate and Advanced CSL Learners:Practices from Teaching Chinese Character Formation

作　　者：刘凤芹 Liu Fengqin

机构地区：[1]青岛大学国际教育学院

出　　处：《国际中文教育（中英文）》2024年第3期26-35,共10页International Chinese Language Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“面向汉语国际教育的词素属性库构建与应用研究”(项目编号:19YJA740034);青岛大学2023年课程思政教学改革研究项目“全人类共同价值融入国际中文教育汉字课程的教学探索与实践”研究成果。

摘　　要：中高级水平二语学习者汉字水平与能力远未达预期,与高水平高素质的中文人才培养目标之间尚存在一定差距。本文以汉字的构形理论为指导,对41位三年级来华学历生进行了系统的形符和声符教学实践并辅之以访谈。结果表明,学习者的汉字构形知识有限且汉字构件利用水平较低,培养学习者利用汉字构件形成对汉字形、音、义认知与区别的能力,符合学习者实际需求,也是提高其汉字水平的有效路径。为此,需特别加强中低频形符知义的教学,在充分利用声符显性读音信息的同时,挖掘隐性的读音信息。The Chinese character proficiency and ability of intermediate and advanced CSL learners are far from expectation,and there is still a gap between the current situation and the goal of cultivating high-level and high quality Chinese language talents.Based on the theory of Chinese character formation,this paper conducted a systematic teaching practice of semantic and phonetic radicals among 41 third-year international students in China,supplemented by interviews.The results showed that the students’knowledge of Chinese character formation is limited and their utilization of Chinese character component is low.Developing learners’abilities of recognizing and differentiating the form,sound and meaning by using the components of Chinese character is in line with learners’needs and is an effective way to improve their Chinese character proficiency.In order to do so,it is necessary to strengthen the teaching of low-and medium-frequency semantic radicals and their meanings,and to make full use of the explicit phonetic information of phonetic radicals to investigate the implicit phonetic information.

关 键 词：中高级水平二语学习者 汉字构形知识 形符教学 声符教学 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]