杭州湾北部凤鲚雌、雄繁殖群体的渔业生物学特征  

Fishery Biological Characteristics of Reproductive Stocks of Estuarine Tapertail Anchovy Coilia mystus in Northern Hangzhou Bay

作　　者：王淼[1] 洪波[1] 张丹[1] 晏军[1] WANG Miao;HONG Bo;ZHANG Dan;YAN Jun(Fishery Inspection Monitoring Section,Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市水产研究所渔业检验监测科,上海200433

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第5期793-800,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(沪农科创字(2022)第2-1号).

摘　　要：为掌握杭州湾北部凤鲚雌、雄繁殖群体组成及渔业生物学特征,于2018、2019、2020年5—8月凤鲚汛期采集凤鲚样品,利用幂函数、列联表卡方分析等方法对凤鲚雌、雄繁殖群体的全长、体质量和性腺发育状况等进行研究。结果显示,杭州湾北部凤鲚雌性繁殖群体全长分布为113~233mm,优势全长组为130~150mm和170~200mm(总和73.2%);雄性繁殖群体全长为88~204mm,优势全长组为110~140mm(总和66.0%)。雌性体质量分布为3.6~29.7g,优势体质量组为6.0~10.0g和14.0~20.0g(总和64.2%);雄性体质量分布为1.3~16.2g,优势体质量组为2.0~8.0g(总和90.0%)。雌性全长(L)与体质量(m)关系式为m=0.518×10^(-5)L2.874(r^(2)=0.978,n=984),雄性全长与体质量关系式为m=1.033×10^(-5)L^(2.692)(r^(2)=0.957,n=661)。雌、雄性比为1.49∶1,雌性个体数显著多于雄性个体数(P<0.05)。雌性个体性腺发育以Ⅳ、Ⅴ期为主,性腺发育达Ⅳ期及以上的性成熟个体全长主要集中于140~150mm和170~200mm,雄性个体性腺发育以Ⅲ、Ⅳ期为主,性腺发育达Ⅳ期及以上的性成熟个体全长主要集中于110~150mm。摄食等级以0和1级为主,个体数占比高达95.8%,空胃率仅为69.2%。研究表明,杭州湾北部凤鲚雌性繁殖群体由多个世代群体组成,并在繁殖期内维持一定的摄食水平。In order to determine the composition and fishery biological characteristics of reproductive stocks of estuarine tapertail anchovy Coilia mystus in Northern Hangzhou Bay,samples of estuarine tapertail anchovy were collected by set net during the reproductive period from May to August 2018,2019,and 2020.The fishery biological characteristics of estuarine tapertail anchovy including the total length,body weight,and sex ratio were investigated.The results showed that total length distribution of female reproductive stocks of estuarine tapertail anchovy in Northern Hangzhou Bay ranged from 113 to 233 mm,and two dominant groups were found at 130—150 mm and 170—200 mm(73.2%).The total length distribution of male reproductive stocks of estuarine tapertail anchovy in Northern Hangzhou Bay ranged from 88 to 204 mm,and the dominant group were found at 110—140 mm(66.0%).The body weight distribution of female reproductive stocks ranged from 3.6 to 29.7 g,and two dominant groups were found at 6.0—10.0 g and 14.0—20.0 g(64.2%).The body weight distribution of male reproductive stocks ranged from 1.3 to 16.2 g,and the dominant group were found at 2.0—8.0 g(90.0%).The relationship between total length(L)and body weight(m)of female reproductive stocks was described as m=0.518×10^(-5)L2.874(r^(2)=0.978,n=984).The relationship between total length and body weight of male reproductive stocks was m=1.033×10^(-5)L^(2.692)(r^(2)=0.957,n=661).The sex ratio of female to male was 1.49∶1,and the number of female individuals was significantly higher than that of male individuals(P<0.05).The gonadal development of female individuals was mainly in stagesⅣandⅤ,and total length of individuals whose gonad maturity stages had achievedⅣor above were mainly founded at 140—150 mm and 170—200 mm.The gonadal development of male individuals was mainly in stagesⅢandⅣ,and total length of individuals whose gonad maturity stages had achievedⅣor above were mainly founded at 110—150 mm.The feeding levels of the reproductive s

关 键 词：凤鲚 繁殖群体 渔业生物学 杭州湾北部 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]