1980—2020年黄河三角洲碳储量动态及驱动因素  

Dynamics and Driving Factors of Carbon Storage in the Yellow River Delta from 1980 to 2020

作　　者：孙晗晴 崔步礼 姜德娟[2] 李远[2] 骆永明[2,3] SUN Hanqing;CUI Buli;JIANG Dejuan;LI Yuan;LUO Yongming(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,China;Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院,山东烟台264025 [2]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《人民珠江》2024年第9期36-46,共11页Pearl River

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022ME100);科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100300)。

摘　　要：滨海湿地生态系统在缓解全球气候变暖方面具有重要作用。研究滨海湿地碳储量动态变化及其影响因素,可以有效地评估湿地碳汇能力,对科学管理和保护滨海湿地生态系统以及推动碳达峰碳中和具有重要意义。以黄河三角洲为例,使用InVEST模型对1980—2020年碳储量动态变化及其主要影响因素进行研究。结果表明:①1980—2020年黄河三角洲碳储量先增加后减少,总体表现为减少趋势,即由1.561×107 t减少至1.556×107 t,1990—2020年碳储量损失量最大,为1.310×10^(6)t(-7.8%)。其中,1980—1990年碳储量年际变化量为+1.3×10^(5)(tC/a),1990—2010年为-6.5×10^(4)tC/a,2010—2020年为-2.0×10^(3)tC/a。②碳储量表现出明显的区域差异,低值区主要分布在湿地沿海滩涂,中值区主要分布在湿地向陆延伸区域,高值区则分布在二者之间以及黄河沿岸。③碳储量减少的主要原因是土地利用类型由草地和湿地向建设用地、盐田和养殖区的转变。其次,防潮堤坝建设通过改变植被、土壤性质及海陆水文连通性等也影响碳储量时空分布,尤其是碳储量会随着与坝距离的增加而增加。因此,黄河三角洲碳汇增强的关键是加强生态保护和恢复,使土地利用向有利于生态保护的方向发展和转变。Coastal wetland is one of the most critical ecosystems for mitigating climate change and sequestrating carbon.Detecting dynamic changes in carbon storage of coastal wetland can clearly reveal their carbon sequestration capacity,which is helpful for protecting coastal wetland ecosystems and achieving carbon peaking and neutrality targets.We used the InVEST model supporting by statistical analysis and GIS to investigate carbon storage dynamics and its driving factors in the Yellow River Delta(YRD)for the period of 1980—2020.The results indicated that①carbon storage in the YRD initially increased and then decreased from 1980 to 2020,resulting in an overall decrease from 1.561×107 t to 1.556×107 t,with a maximum loss of 1.310×10^(6)t(-7.8%)from 1990 to 2020.Specifically,carbon storage increased by 1.3×10^(5)tC/a from 1980 to 1990,decreased by 6.5×10^(4)tC/a from 1990 to 2010,and further decreased by 2.0×10^(3)tC/a from 2010 to 2020.②Spatially,carbon storage exhibited distinct variations.Low values were primarily observed in tidal flats and wetland area.Medium values were found in the inland extension of wetland,while high values were distributed between the first two areas and along the Yellow River.③The decrease in carbon storage was mainly attributed to land use conversion from wetland and grassland to built-up area,salt pan,and mariculture.Additionally,the construction of large-scale tidal barriers in the YRD altered the distribution of carbon storage by affecting sea-land hydrological connectivity,vegetation,and soil properties.Notably,carbon storage tended to increase with greater distance from tidal barriers.Overall,promoting the conversion of land use types towards wetland ecological restoration will be crucial for enhancing the carbon sink in the YRD in the future.

关 键 词：碳储量 土地利用变化 防潮堤坝 InVEST模型 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]