粉体特性对光固化3D打印陶瓷浆料性质影响的研究进展  

Research Progress on the Effect of Powder Characteristics on the Properties of Ceramic Slurry Based Stereolithography 3D Printing

作　　者：郝舒琪 苏海军[1,2] 赵迪 李翔 董栋[1] 于佳俊 HAO Shuqi;SU Haijun;ZHAO Di;LI Xiang;DONG Dong;YU Jiajun(State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518057,Guangdong,China;School of Physics and Materials Science,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,西安710072 [2]西北工业大学深圳研究院,广东深圳518057 [3]南昌大学物理与材料学院,南昌330031

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第17期86-95,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52130204,52174376,52202070);创新特区项目(23-TQ09-02-ZT-01-005);航空科学基金(20220042053001);陕西省科技计划(2024GX-YBXM-220,2024GX-YBXM-400,2024GX-ZDCYL-03-03);广东省基础研究基金(2021B1515120028)。

摘　　要：陶瓷材料因力学性能优异、化学稳定性好而被广泛应用,但其硬度高,脆性大,使陶瓷构件的成型与加工存在挑战。传统陶瓷成型技术已无法满足复杂精密陶瓷的生产需求。近年来陶瓷增材制造技术发展迅猛,光固化3D打印凭借打印速度快、成型精度高、生坯表面光滑等独特优势脱颖而出。作为光固化技术的原料,陶瓷浆料的性质严重影响成型质量。高质量光固化浆料应具有高固含量、低粘度、抗沉降的特点。由于光固化浆料的组成成分多样,影响陶瓷浆料性质的因素众多,如何获取最佳光固化浆料配方一直是一个难点。针对上述问题,本文在简述光固化3D打印技术原理及陶瓷浆料制备原则的基础上,从陶瓷粉体的性质出发,重点介绍了陶瓷粉体性质、粒径分布及级配设计对浆料流变性、稳定性以及光聚合性能影响的研究进展,并对光固化3D打印浆料制备中的陶瓷原料优化方法进行了总结与展望,为研究者从陶瓷原料选择与设计角度改善光固化浆料性质提供参考。Ceramic materials are widely used because of their excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability.However,due to their high hardness and brittleness,there are challenges in the forming and processing of ceramic components.Traditional ceramic molding technologies have been unable to meet requirements of the production of complex precise ceramics.Recently,ceramic additive manufacturing technology has developed rapidly.Stereolithography 3D printing technology stands out with its unique advantages such as fast printing speed,high molding accuracy and smooth surface of green bodies.As the raw material of stereolithography,the properties of ceramic slurry affect the printing process and molding quality of ceramic products seriously.High quality stereolithography ceramic slurry has the characteristics of high solid content,low viscosity,and anti-settling.Due to the variety of components,many factors affect the properties of ceramic slurry.How to obtain the best formulation of ceramic slurry has always been a difficult problem.For this problem,based on a brief introduction to the theory of stereolithography 3D printing technology and the preparation principle of ceramic slurry,starting from the properties of ceramic powder,this paper focuses on the research progress of the effects of ceramic powder properties,particle size distribution and grading design on the rheology,stability and photopolymerization performance of the slurry.Finally,we summarize and prospect optimization methods of ceramic raw materials in the preparation of ceramic slurry based by stereolithography 3D printing.This paper is aiming to provide a reference for researchers to improve slurry properties by selecting and designing raw ceramic materials.

关 键 词：光固化3D打印 陶瓷粉体特性 浆料制备 浆料流变性 固含量 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]