铝钢双金属液固复合铸造研究现状  

Research Status of Al/Fe Liquid-solid Bimetallic Compound Casting

作　　者：王涛 陈冲[2,3] 张国赏 魏世忠[2] 毛丰[2,3] 熊美 WANG Tao;CHEN Chong;ZHANG Guoshang;WEI Shizhong;MAO Feng;XIONG Mei(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;Longmen Laboratory,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南洛阳471000 [2]河南科技大学金属材料磨损控制与成型技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,河南洛阳471000 [3]龙门实验室,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第17期212-219,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2008400);河南省科技攻关项目(222102230059)。

摘　　要：随着资源短缺、环境污染等问题日益凸显,节能减排成为全世界追逐的目标,汽车工业中用轻质铝合金代替传统的钢或铸铁的趋势越来越明显。铝钢双金属兼具铝合金和钢或铸铁的性能优势,是极具潜力的缸体、活塞等发动机零部件材料。双金属复合铸造因具有工艺简单、结构受限小等优点而被广泛关注。铝钢液固双金属复合铸造的主要挑战包括基体表面易氧化、Al对Fe润湿性差和界面处形成硬脆金属间化合物,导致双金属结合性能不理想。近年来,研究人员在提高铝钢液固复合铸造双金属界面结合强度方面开展了大量研究。本文对常用的铝钢液固复合铸造工艺及其质量影响因素进行了概括,并总结了近年来铝钢液固复合铸造双金属界面相组成和演变过程的研究现状,最后对铝钢液固复合铸造在提高界面结合强度方面的研究进展进行了综述。在此基础上,本文对铝钢双金属液固复合铸造未来研究和发展方向进行了总结和展望。With the increasingly prominent problems of resource shortage and environmental pollution,energy saving and emission reduction have become the main goals pursued by the world.In the automotive industry,there is an increasing trend of replacing traditional steel or cast iron with lightweight aluminum alloys.Aluminum/steel bimetal has both performance advantages and is a very potential material for engine parts such as cylinder blocks and pistons.Bimetallic compound casting has been widely concerned due to its advantages of simple process and small structural restrictions.The main challenges of aluminum/steel liquid-solid bimetallic composite casting include the easy oxidation of the steel substrate surface,poor wettability of Al to Fe,and the formation of hard and brittle intermetallic compounds at the interface,resulting in unsatisfactory bimetallic bonding properties.In recent years,researchers have carried out a lot of research on improving the bonding strength of the bimetal interface in aluminum/steel liquid-solid composite casting.In this paper,the commonly used aluminum/steel liquid-solid composite casting process and its quality influencing factors are summarized,and the research status of interface composition and evolution process of aluminum/steel liquid-solid composite casting bimetal in recent years is summarized.Finally,the research progress of aluminum/steel liquid-solid composite casting on improving interface bonding strength is reviewed.On this basis,the future research and development direction of aluminum/steel bimetal liquid-solid composite casting are summarized and prospected in this paper.

关 键 词：铝钢双金属 液固复合铸造 金属间化合物 界面相组成 结合强度 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]