纳米纤维素的点击反应改性及应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Click Chemistry Modification and Applications of Nanocellulose

作　　者：龙娟 李宇展 李志强 钟土华 LONG Juan;LI Yuzhan;LI Zhiqiang;ZHONG Tuhua(International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,Beijing 100102,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,北京100102 [2]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第17期284-293,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国际竹藤中心基本科研业务费项目(1632022025,1632023017)。

摘　　要：纳米纤维素是从植物细胞壁中提取的一种直径小于100 nm的棒状、须状或纤丝状纤维素,具有密度低、可再生、可降解和生物相容性等特性,同时具有模量高、热膨胀系数低等优点。纳米纤维素表面化学性质单一,含有大量羟基,具有强亲水性质,限制了其应用范围。纤维素表面大量活泼的羟基为进行化学改性提供了各种可能性。通过对纳米纤维素进行表面化学修饰或功能化以拓展其应用领域。点击化学具有高度选择性、模块化、产率高、反应迅速等优点,反应条件相对简单,对水、氧气都不敏感。近年来,点击化学越来越多地被用于纳米纤维素的化学改性和功能化。本文主要综述了点击化学中叠氮-炔基和硫醇-烯烃两类反应用于纳米纤维素改性的研究进展,简单概述了点击反应改性的纳米纤维素在复合材料、水凝胶和气凝胶等方面的应用,最后总结了基于点击化学策略制备、改性和应用纳米纤维素所面临的困难和挑战。Nanocellulose is a type of cellulose with a diameter smaller than 100 nm,which is extracted from plant cell walls and can be rod-,whisker-and fiber-shaped.Nanocellulose possesses impressive features,including low density,renewability,biodegradability,biocompatibility,high modulus and low thermal expansion coefficient,and so on.The chemical properties of nanocellulose are monotonous due to the abundance of active hydroxyl groups on its surface,which makes it strong hydrophilicity and therefore limits its applications.The abundant hydroxyl groups on the cellulose surface provide a wide range of possibilities for chemical modifications and functionalization.Further chemical modification and functionalization can help expand the scope of their applications.Click chemistry possesses remarkable advantages such as high selectivity,modula-rization,high yield,rapid reaction,and so on.The click reaction is simple and is not sensitive to water or oxygen.In recent years,click chemistry has been increasingly applied for the chemical modification and functionalization of nanocellulose.In this review,the research progress on the applications of two main types of click reactions,i.e.azide-alkyne and thiol-ene,in the modification and functionalization of nanocellulose is mainly introduced,and the applications of click-modified nanocellulose used in composites,hydrogels,aerogels are also briefly summarized.Finally,difficulties and challenges facing the preparation,modification,and applications of nanocellulose based on the‘click chemistry’strategy are summarized.

关 键 词：纳米纤维素 点击化学 叠氮-炔基点击反应 硫醇-烯烃点击反应 纳米材料 

分 类 号：TQ352.2[化学工程]