半体内和体外法评定8种蛋白质饲料的产气性能和发酵性能  

The Gas Production and Fermentation Performance of 8 Protein Feeds were Evaluated by In Vivo and In Vitro Methods

作　　者：张悦 许涛 梁枝 苏勇 刘利林[1] 方雷[1] 韩焕勇[2] 周小玲[1] ZHANG Yue;XU Tao;LIANG Zhi;SU Yong;LIU Lilin;FANG Lei;HAN Huanyong;ZHOU Xiaoling(Key Laboratory of Livestock and Grass Resources Utilization around Tarim,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas,College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Xinjiang Alar 843300,China;Cotton Institute,Xinjiang Academy Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Xinjiang Shihezi 832099,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,农业农村部环塔里木畜草资源利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆农垦科学院棉花所,新疆石河子832099

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第18期14-19,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：兵团重大科技“揭榜挂帅”项目[2023AB078];天山英才“三农骨干人才”项目;国家棉花产业技术体系[CARS-15-25];兵团中青年科技领军人才计划[2020CB026]。

摘　　要：研究旨在开发一种体外两步法模拟驴体内饲料消化过程,并通过体内尼龙袋法和体外两步法评定8种蛋白质饲料对肉用驴的营养价值。选取体重、年龄相近的新疆驴3头,采用体内尼龙袋法与体外两步法研究8种不同的蛋白质饲料体内外干物质降解率及体外发酵参数。结果发现:①体内外研究对比发现:体外法中鱼粉、棉粕和葵花饼的干物质降解率显著高于体内法(P<0.05)。②在体外酶消化中,鱼粉和豆粕的干物质降解率显著高于其余6种蛋白质饲料(P<0.05)。在体外微生物消化中,血粉和葵花饼的干物质降解率显著高于其余6种蛋白质饲料(P<0.05)。③对于发酵产气量来说,豆粕的总产气量显著高于其余7种蛋白质饲料(P<0.05)。④体外发酵参数中:油菜饼与肉骨粉的pH显著高于其他6种蛋白质饲料(P<0.05)。鱼粉与血粉的氨态氮含量显著高于其他6种蛋白质饲料(P<0.05)。葵花饼的乙酸含量显著高于其他7种蛋白质饲料(P<0.05)。总之,采用酶消化和驴粪便接种微生物消化模拟驴体内饲料消化的方法,能够反映蛋白质饲料在驴体内降解消化的真实情况。其中不同蛋白质饲料之间存在差异,豆粕、血粉和鱼粉的干物质降解率较其他蛋白质饲料高。The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro two-step method to simulate the digestive pro⁃cess of donkeys and evaluate the nutritional value of 8 protein feeds using in vivo nylon bag and in vitro two-step methods.Three Xinjiang donkeys of similar weight and age were selected.In vivo and in vitro methods were employed to study dry matter degradation rates and fermentation parameters of the 8 pro⁃tein feeds.The results showed that:①comparison between in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that the dry matter degradation rates of fish meal,cottonseed meal,and sunflower meal were significantly higher in the in vitro method than in the in vivo method(P<0.05).②In enzymatic digestion in vitro,the dry matter degradation rates of fish meal and soy⁃bean meal were significantly higher than the other 6 protein feeds(P<0.05).In microbial fermenta⁃tion in vitro,blood meal and sunflower meal had significantly higher dry matter degradation rates than the other 6 protein feeds(P<0.05).③For gas production during fermentation,soybean meal had significantly higher total gas production than the other 7 protein feeds(P<0.05).④In vitro fermentation parameters showed that rapeseed meal and meat and bone meal had significantly higher pH values than the other 6 protein feeds(P<0.05).Ammonia nitrogen content was significantly higher in fish meal and blood meal than in the other 6 protein feeds(P<0.05).Acetic acid content in sunflower meal was significantly higher than in the other 7 protein feeds(P<0.05).In conclusion,using enzymatic digestion and microbial inoculation of donkey feces to simulate the diges⁃tive process of donkeys can reflect the real situation of protein feed degradation and digestion in don⁃keys.There are differences among different protein feeds,with soybean meal,blood meal,and fish meal showing higher dry matter degradation rates compared to other protein feeds.

关 键 词：驴 蛋白质饲料 降解率 酶消化 微生物消化 营养价值 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]