东江流域中下游典型土壤分类及养分特征分析——以惠城区为例  

Analysis of Typical Soil Classification and Nutrient Characteristics in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Dongjiang River Basin—Taking Huicheng District as an Example

作　　者：康轩 杨佛新 张桂兴 严学东 李静娟 温武东 曾远平 黄铁钢 KANG Xuan;YANG Fo-xin;ZHANG Gui-xing(Huicheng District Agriculture Technology Extension Center,Huizhou,Guangdong 516008;Huicheng District Agriculture Science Research Institute,Huizhou,Guangdong 516008)

机构地区：[1]惠州市惠城区农业技术推广中心,广东惠州516008 [2]惠州市惠城区农业科学研究所,广东惠州516008 [3]惠州市惠城区现代农业示范区服务中心,广东惠州516008

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第18期126-132,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省农业科技特派员项目(2019SC0317052)。

摘　　要：以惠城区为例,对东江流域中下游典型土壤进行分类,通过采集1 619个土壤样品进行化验分析,研究东江流域中下游典型土壤养分特征。结果表明,惠城区耕地土壤有机质、全氮含量均属中等偏上水平;青泥格田、花岗岩红泥田等土属有机质含量较高,而乌泥底田、砂页岩赤红地、红色砂页岩赤红地等土属含量较低;青泥格田、花岗岩红泥田、石质土、花岗岩红黄泥田等土属全氮含量较高,而乌泥底田、砂页岩赤红地等土属含量较低;土壤全氮含量与有机质含量之间呈极显著的直线相关关系,回归方程为Y=0.039 8X+0.376 9,相关系数为0.65;有机质、全氮含量累积基本符合不同分类土壤形成规律。土壤碱解氮含量总体上属中等偏上水平,平均含量水平达到三级标准;土壤有效磷含量总体上属上中等水平,平均含量水平达到一级标准;土壤速效钾、缓效钾含量处于中等偏下水平。不同土属类型的土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、缓效钾含量差异均较明显,没有明显规律可循,主要是受人为施用化肥影响较大。Taking Huicheng District as an example,this paper classified the typical soil in the middle and lower reaches of the Dongjiang River Basin,and studied the typical soil nutrient characteristics in the middle and lower reaches of the Dongjiang River Basin by collecting 1619 soil samples for laboratory analysis.The analysis showed that the soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of cultivated land in Huicheng District were above the middle level.The content of organic matter in Qingnigetian and granite red mud field was higher,while the content of organic matter in Wuniditian,red sand shale red land and red sand shale red land was lower.The total nitrogen content of Qingnigetian,granite red mud field,stone soil and granite red yellow mud field was higher,while that of Wuniditian and sandy shale red land was lower.There was a significant linear correlation between soil total nitrogen content and organic matter content.The regression equation was Y=0.0398X+0.3769,and the correlation coefficient was 0.65.The accumulation of organic matter and total nitrogen content basically conformed to the formation law of different classified soils.The content of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was generally above the middle level,and the average content level reached the third level standard.The content of available phosphorus in soil was generally at the upper and middle level,and the average content level reached the first level standard.The content of soil available potassium and slowly available potassium was in the lower middle level.The contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and slowly available potassium in different soil types were significantly different,and there was no obvious regularity,which was mainly affected by the application of chemical fertilizer.

关 键 词：东江流域 中下游平原 惠城区 土壤分类 养分特征 

分 类 号：S155[农业科学—土壤学]