从“反磁力中心”到“区域节点城市”——论新时代大城市新城建设的功能迭代与规划策略  

FROM“ANTI-MAGNETIC CENTER”TO“REGIONAL NODE CITY”:FUNCTIONAL EVOLUTION AND PLANNING STRATEGIES FOR NEW TOWNS IN MEGACITIES IN THE NEW ERA

作　　者：徐素 赵民[2,3,4] XU Su;ZHAO Min

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学景观规划设计系 [2]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [3]中国城市规划学会国外城市规划分会 [4]中国城市规划学会规划实施分会

出　　处：《城市规划》2024年第9期13-18,66,共7页City Planning Review

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“超大城市新城建设的功能定位与优化路径研究”(2023BCK009)资助。

摘　　要：新时代的新城建设,在应对大城市(含超大、特大城市,下同)发展挑战中的作用与规划策略正在发生变化。本文基于田园城市、区域多中心主义、全球城市网络和“流空间”等理论概念,以“基础性”和“战略性”为视角,对国内外新城建设历程作回溯,并对发展趋势作阐释:一方面,新城作为疏解大城市中心城区人口和产业的“反磁力”中心的作用仍在延续;另一方面,新城的功能亦不断迭代,以至蜕变为“区域节点城市”。鉴于此,本文最后探讨新时代的新城认知更新和规划策略。由于大城市往往具有全球城市的链接特性,而先进生产服务业在空间上呈现集聚和分散两种趋势,可在不同等级中心布局;某些重点新城作为市域的副中心,则可成为全球/区域生产性服务业网络中的节点城市。因而,在新时代的规划中,要主动谋划和引导新城功能迭代,发挥新城作为大城市的功能疏解与区域节点城市的双重作用。In the new era,the role and planning strategies of new towns are evolving in response to the challenges posed by megacities(including megacities and metropolitan areas,hereinafter referred to as“megacities”).Drawing upon theoretical concepts such as Garden City,polycentric urban region,global city network,and“space of flows”,this paper reviews the process of new town development both domestically and internationally to explore their foundational and strategic significance and interprets emerging trends.On the one hand,new towns continue to serve as“anti-magnetic centers”,alleviating population and industrial congestion in central areas of megacities.On the other hand,the roles of new towns are evolving into“regional node cities”.In light of this,the paper concludes by exploring the new understanding of new towns and planning strategies in the new era.Since megacities are often characterized by global connectivity and advanced production and service industries exhibit both clustering and dispersion trends,these industries can be distributed across different hierarchical centers.Certain new towns,serving as sub-centers of megacities,can thus emerge as node cities within global/regional productive service networks.Therefore,it is crucial to proactively design and guide the functional evolution of new towns in the new era,thereby enhancing their dual role as anti-magnetic centers and regional node cities.

关 键 词：大城市 新城规划建设 反磁力中心 区域节点城市 规划策略 

分 类 号：TU984.17[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]