Multiple Soliton Asymptotics in a Spin-1 Bose–Einstein Condensate  

作　　者：Zhong-Zhou Lan 兰中周(School of Computer Information Management,Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics,Hohhot 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]School of Computer Information Management,Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics,Hohhot 010070,China

出　　处：《Chinese Physics Letters》2024年第9期15-22,共8页中国物理快报（英文版）

基　　金：work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12161061);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics(Grant No.NCYWT23036);the Young innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents of the Inner Mongolia Grassland Talents Project in 2022,Autonomous Region“Five Ma-jor Tasks"Research Special Project for the Inner Mongo-lia University of Finance and Economics in 2024(Grant No.NCXWD2422);High Quality Research Achievement Cultivation Fund for the Inner Mongolia University of Fi-nance and Economics in 2024(Grant No.GZCG2426);the Talent Development Fund of Inner Mongolia.

摘　　要：Spinor Bose–Einstein condensates(BECs)are formed when atoms in the multi-component BECs possess single hyperfine spin states but retain internal spin degrees of freedom.This study concentrates on a(1+1)-dimensional three-couple Gross–Pitaevskii system to depict the macroscopic spinor BEC waves within the meanfield approximation.Regarding the distribution of the atoms corresponding to the three vertical spin projections,a known binary Darboux transformation is utilized to derive the𝑁matter-wave soliton solutions and triple-pole matter-wave soliton solutions on the zero background,where𝑁is a positive integer.For those multiple matterwave solitons,the asymptotic analysis is performed to obtain the algebraic expressions of the soliton components in the𝑁matter-wave solitons and triple-pole matter-wave solitons.The asymptotic results indicate that the matter-wave solitons in the spinor BECs possess the property of maintaining their energy content and coherence during the propagation and interactions.Particularly,in the𝑁matter-wave solitons,each soliton component contributes to the phase shifts of the other soliton components;and in the triple-pole matter-wave solitons,stable attractive forces exist between the different matter-wave soliton components.Those multiple matter-wave solitons are graphically illustrated through three-dimensional plots,density plot and contour plot,which are consistent with the asymptotic analysis results.The present analysis may provide the explanations for the complex natural mechanisms of the matter waves in the spinor BECs,and may have potential applications in designs of atom lasers,atom interferometry and coherent atom transport.

关 键 词：SOLITON SOLITONS ASYMPTOTIC 

分 类 号：O469[理学—凝聚态物理]