化学蚀刻参数对激光粉末床熔化钛合金多孔结构表面残粉去除效果的影响  

Effect of Chemical Etching Parameters on the Removal of Residual Powder from the Surface of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Titanium Alloy Porous Structures

作　　者：石文天[1] 韩一凡 李建[1] 曹尚国 郭彪 Bing Ren SHI Wentian;HAN Yifan;LI Jian;CAO Shangguo;GUO Biao;BING Ren(School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Florida,Gainesville FL 32611,USA)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学计算机与人工智能学院,北京100048 [2]佛罗里达大学机械与航空航天工程系,美国盖恩斯维尔FL 32611

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第18期199-209,共11页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2406000);2024年研究生科研能力提升计划。

摘　　要：目的采用超声辅助化学蚀刻的方法,去除激光粉末床熔化(Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion,L-PBF)技术成形的多孔结构表面残粉,提升多孔结构的表面精度和质量。方法利用超声辅助化学蚀刻试验平台,探究溶液配比、蚀刻时间、蚀刻温度对粉末去除效果的影响。对比分析不同工艺参数处理后的试件表面形貌、支杆直径、质量变化。结果超声辅助可以显著提升化学蚀刻后的表面质量;蚀刻温度在30~60℃范围内,试件蚀刻后的尺寸精度最高;采用溶液体积比为HF∶HNO_(3)∶H_(2)O=4∶14∶82,加热温度为50℃,蚀刻9 min,试件的尺寸精度误差可低至0.24%。结论通过蚀刻时间与溶液浓度的合理配比,可以有效去除试件表面的残粉,提升试件的表面质量,残粉去除率达到了91.9%;通过增加酸性溶液浓度、控制溶液温度,可以将蚀刻效率提升2倍以上,同时达到有效去除残粉和提升蚀刻效率的效果。Porous titanium alloy bone implants are extensively utilized in the biomedical field due to their superior properties.Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion(L-PBF),an advanced 3D printing technology,constructs material layer by layer,reducing manufacturing waste and enabling highly customized bone implant designs.This technology significantly enhances the ability to produce complex geometrical structures.However,the samples formed by L-PBF often retain a considerable amount of adhered powder on their surfaces,which severely affects their dimensional accuracy and surface quality.Consequently,there is a need for effective post-processing methods to remove this adhered powder.Chemical etching is a proven technique for such surface removal.In this study,samples with a 5×5 lattice structure were prepared based on Body-Centered Cubic(BCC)units by L-PBF technology.Then,an ultrasonic-assisted chemical etching process was employed to remove the powder adhered to the surface of the L-PBF-formed lattice structure.An ultrasonic-assisted chemical etching experimental platform was also utilized to systematically investigate the effects of solution composition,etching time,and etching temperature on powder removal efficacy.By conducting a comparative analysis of the surface morphology,rod diameter,and weight loss rate of samples treated under different process parameters,it was found that ultrasonic assistance significantly improved surface quality during chemical etching.The highest dimensional accuracy of the samples was achieved when the etching temperature was maintained within the range of 30-60℃.Under solution composition of HF∶HNO_(3)∶H_(2)O=4∶14∶82,after heating to 50℃,and etching for 9 min,a dimensional accuracy error as low as 0.24%was achieved.Further research demonstrated that by appropriately adjusting the etching time and solution concentration,the residual powder on the sample surface could be effectively removed,achieving a removal rate of up to 91.94%.Additionally,controlling the chemical etching temperature

关 键 词：L-PBF 钛合金 化学蚀刻 粉末去除 尺寸精度 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]