贵州绥阳麻黄洞壶穴形态特征及其成因分析  

Morphological characteristics and causal analysis of cavernous potholes in Mahuang Cave,Suiyang County,Guizhou Province

作　　者：周忠发[1,2] 丁圣君 张结 熊勇 董慧[1,2] ZHOU Zhongfa;DING Shengjun;ZHANG Jie;XIONG Yong;DONG Hui(College of Karst Institute&Geography and Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Karst Mountain Ecological Environment in Guizhou Province,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;School of History Culture and Tourism,Fuyang Normal University,Fuyang,Anhui 236041,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院/喀斯特研究院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵州贵阳550025 [3]阜阳师范大学历史文化与旅游学院,安徽阜阳236041

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期1-8,57,共9页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42161048);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般258);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2023]一般218);贵州师范大学学术新苗基金项目(黔师新苗[2022]23号和[2021]B02号)。

摘　　要：对贵州绥阳双河洞洞穴系统中的麻黄洞内发育于白云岩地下河床上的103处壶穴形态特征进行详细测量与统计分析,从统计学角度定量描述壶穴的形态特征及其形成因素。结果显示:麻黄洞壶穴以口大、肚小、底圆的“锅型”壶穴为主,壶穴在平面形态上主要以椭圆形壶穴为主,垂直剖面形态上以浅型和深型壶穴为主,其中A区和C区浅型壶穴占比最高,而B区则以深型壶穴最多;壶穴长、短轴在A区和B区相关性较高,而在C区相关性则较低,说明壶穴长、短轴变化在不同的区域所受的因素并不一样;麻黄洞壶穴主要由季节性水流、节理和裂隙、可溶性基岩、洞道形态、具有侵蚀力的推移质、洞穴的微气候要素及洞穴水的溶蚀作用等多种因素相互耦合而形成。研究结果可为洞穴的发育、演化提供相应的水文证据。The shapes of 103 potholes developed in dolomite underwater in Mahuang Cave in Shuanghe cave system,Suiyang County,Guizhou Province were measured and statistically analyzed in details to quantitatively describe the morphological characteristics of the potholes and its formation factors from statistical perspective.The main conclusions are as follows:The pot type holes,with a large mouth,small belly and a round bottom,accounted for the main proportion in Mahuang Cave.From the view of the plane shape,it is mainly ellipse-shape potholes.The shape from vertical profiles of the potholes are mainly shallow and deep shapes,which accounted for shallow potholes in area A and C,while deep potholes in area B.The correlation between the long and short axis of the potholes in area A and B are higher,while that of in area C is relatively lower.It explains that the long and short axis changes in different regions are not the same;The potholes in Mahuang Cave are formed by mutual coupling of seasonal water,joints and fissures,effects of dolomite soluble bedrock and tunnel form,strong erosion force of bedload,micro climate elements and water dissolution factors in cave,and so on.Therefore,the results of this study can provide corresponding hydrological evidence for the development and evolution of caves.

关 键 词：岩溶洞穴 洞穴壶穴 形态特征 溶蚀与侵蚀 麻黄洞 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]