独山锑矿区周边土壤及农作物重金属污染特征及健康风险评估  

Characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil and crops around Dushan antimony mining area

作　　者：李龙波 高云龙 王晓丹 蔡大为 丁恒 LI Longbo;GAO Yunlong;WANG Xiaodan;CAI Dawei;DING Heng(Guizhou Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081,China;College of Eco-Environmental Engineering,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省地质环境监测院,贵州贵阳550081 [2]贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期58-65,共8页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局地质科研项目(黔地矿科合[2021]11号);国家自然科学基金项目(41803022)。

摘　　要：为明确独山巴年锑矿区周边土壤与农作物的重金属污染特征及其对人类健康的潜在影响,采集并分析该区域21个土壤样本和50个农作物样本中的Cr、Pb、As、Zn、Sb和Cd等6种重金属含量。运用地累积指数法、内梅罗指数法、富集系数法以及综合潜在生态风险指数法等,对该区域土壤与农作物中的重金属污染特征进行研究,同时对农作物开展健康风险评估。研究表明,巴年锑矿区周边土壤中As和Cd超过我国农业土壤的风险筛选值,是主要的重金属污染元素;土壤重金属地累积指数揭示Sb和As属于中度污染,综合潜在生态风险指数(RI=165.22)为高生态风险程度;农作物中重金属含量均超过食品安全筛选值,叶菜类重金属富集能力显著高于其他类型农作物;多种重金属复合污染的潜在健康风险较低(HI≤1),其中根茎类作物健康风险最高,之后依次为叶菜类、茄果类、谷物、豆类,儿童通过饮食摄入重金属的风险高于成人。研究结果有助于全面掌握独山锑矿区周边土壤及农作物重金属污染状况,为锑矿区周边土壤安全利用提供科学依据。To clarify the heavy metal pollution characteristics of the soil and crops around Dushan Banian antimony mining area and their potential impact on human health,the content of heavy metals such as Cr,Pb,As,Zn,Sb,and Cd in 21 soil samples and 50 crop samples in the area was collected and analyzed.Indepth research was conducted on the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in soil and crops,and the health risks of crops was evaluated by using methods such as geoaccumulation index,nemero index,enrichment coefficient,and comprehensive potential ecological risk index.Research has shown that As and Cd in Dushan Banian antimony mining area exceed the risk screening values of agricultural soils in China and are the main heavy metal pollutants.The geoaccumulation index indicated moderate pollution by Sb and As,with a Comprehensive Potential Ecological Risk Index(RI=165.22)suggesting a high level of hazard.The content of heavy metals in crops exceeded the food safety screening value,and the leafy vegetables exhibited stronger enrichment capabilities for the six heavy metals compared to other crop types.The potential health risk of multiple heavy metals has low values(HI≤1),among which the health risk of root vegetables was the highest,followed by leaf vegetables,solanaceous fruits,cereals and beans.The risk of heavy metals intake by children through diet was higher than that of adults.These research findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of heavy metal pollution in the soil and crops around Dushan Banian antimony mining area,providing scientific evidence for the safe utilization of soil in the vicinity of antimony mining areas.

关 键 词：土壤 农作物 重金属 污染评价 健康风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4