朱子学与康有为早年成学立教的理路  

The Developmental History of Kang Youwei's Early Thought under the Influence of Zhu Xi's Philosophy

作　　者：於梅舫[1] Yu Meifang(Department of History,Sun Yat-Sen University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系,广州510275

出　　处：《清史研究》2024年第5期1-17,共17页The Qing History Journal

摘　　要：近代“今文学运动”为晚清思想解放的大关节,康有为则为其中枢纽。康氏对于朱子学说的运化,贯穿于成学立教的全过程。初由中法马江之役的时局所刺激,学编礼之朱子,成《教学通义》,以呼应龚自珍“自改革”。复循此坚毅上书,至上书受挫,乃发愿仿刚果近禅的朱子。遂于回粤乡居时,学朱熹创“新教”。《新学伪经考》重订“真经”及其“道统”,发挥原教义是重要一环。这一操作,通于朱熹集注《四书》别出于《五经》、序列“道”的传承、确定新义理之举。其中“改制”之义的诠释,颇具以师道加于君权之上的“民权”说的时代特色,显示“世变异则教异”的特质。The dispute between ancient and modern textual interpretation stands as a pivotal topic in the intellectual history of late Qing China,with Kang Youwei emerging as a central figure.Kang's utilization of Zhu Xi's teachings threads through his entire intellectual journey,from his early scholarly formation to the establishment of Confucianism(Kongjiao).Initially sparked by the impact of the Sino-French War,Kang delved into studying and compiling Zhu Xi's Yili jingzhuan tongjie,resulting in the publication of Jiaoxue tongyi.Later,facing setbacks in his attempts to petition the emperor,Kang,influenced by elements of Chan Buddhism,turned to Zhu Xi as a model,with intentions to establish a religious movement.Upon returning to his hometown,Kang ultimately challenged Zhu Xi's teachings within Zhu Xi's own framework,culminating in the composition of Xinxue weijing kao,a significant step in solidifying Confucianism.Kang's interpretation of Confucian doctrines reflects the spirit of the times,emphasizing the concept of'people's rights"and the notion that"teachings evolve with changes in the world."

关 键 词：康有为 朱子学 《新学伪经考》 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学]