后石家河文化与石峁文化的互动——以玉人头像为中心  

The Interaction Between the Post-Shijiahe Culture and the Shimao Culture—Centering on the Jade Human Head

作　　者：徐峰[1] Xu Feng

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文博系,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2024年第5期15-22,共8页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“长江下游社会复杂化及中原化进程研究”(20&ZD247)。

摘　　要：后石家河文化的玉器传统很可能有着北方影响,玉人头像中的若干细节,包括“尖顶帽”、纹面、发型等特征辅证着这种北方影响。后石家河文化玉人头像的族属不是华夏族,而是北方早期游牧人的可能性是极大的。现有的不少考古资料表明石峁文化受到了游牧文化的影响。后石家河文化与石峁文化有着密切联系,有石峁遗址这一中国北方地区龙山时代晚期最大的城址,也是北方地区地缘政治的中心作为中介,后石家河文化传统中间接有北方草原文化因素渗入是完全可能的。后石家河文化中外来文化因素应该是多元的,来自北方草原的文化因素值得重视。后石家河文化与石峁文化的诸多相似,一方面见证了新石器时代末期的远距离文化互动,另一方面也为后石家河文化玉器寻找到了北方来源。The jadeware tradition of the post-Shijiahe culture reflects a possible influence from the north,as indicated by some details in the jade figures’heads,such as“pointed hats”,patterns on faces and hairstyles.It is plausible that the ethnic group of jade human heads in the post-Shijiahe culture was early nomads in the north rather than Huaxia.The existing archaeological data show that Shimao culture was influenced by nomadic culture.Post-Shijiahe culture was closely related to Shimao culture.Given Shimao Site,the largest city site of late Longshan period in northern China,served as the geopolitical center of northern China as an intermediary,it is entirely possible that the cultural traditions of post-Shijiahe culture was indirectly influenced by the northern steppe culture.The foreign cultural factors in post-Shijiahe culture were likely diverse,so the northern steppe ones deserve attention.The similarities between the Shimao culture and the post-Shijiahe culture show the distant cultural interaction at the end of the Neolithic Age,and highlight the northern origin of the jadeware of the post-Shijiahe culture.

关 键 词：后石家河文化 玉人头像 石峁文化 文化互动 

分 类 号：K871.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]