干旱胁迫下3种外源物质对三角梅幼苗的影响  

Effects of Three Exogenous Substances on Bougainvillea spectabilis Seedlings Under Drought Stress

作　　者：徐学平 关文灵[1] 赵雁[1] XU Xueping;GUAN Wenling;ZHAO Yan(College of Landscape and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第9期25-37,共13页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省重大科技计划专项“云南重要园林木本花卉的种质关键技术研究”(202302AE090018)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同外源物质对干旱胁迫下三角梅幼苗生长形态及生理特性的影响,为三角梅安全度过短期干旱提供依据。【方法】以胭脂红三角梅为试验材料,喷施25 mL蒸馏水为对照(CK),研究叶面喷施25 mL不同浓度脱落酸〔50μmol/L(ABA_(1))、100μmol/L(ABA_(2))、150μmol/L(ABA_(3))、200μmol/L(ABA_(4))和250μmol/L(ABA_(5))〕、5-氨基乙酰丙酸〔25 mg/L(ALA_(1))、50 mg/L(ALA_(2))、75 mg/L(ALA_(3))、100 mg/L(ALA_(4))、125 mg/L(ALA_(5))〕和褪黑素〔50μmol/L(MT_(1))、100μmol/L(MT_(2))、150μmol/L(MT_(3))、200μmol/L(MT_(4))和250μmol/L(MT_(5))〕对干旱胁迫下三角梅幼苗的生长形态、光合指标及生理指标等的影响,并采用隶属函数法对三角梅抗旱性进行综合评价。【结果】与CK比,喷施适宜浓度的ABA、ALA和MT溶液可不同程度提高三角梅叶片相对含水量(RWC)、提高光合性能指数(PI)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,增加光系统Ⅱ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm),促进可溶性蛋白(SP)和可溶性糖含量(SS)累积,降低相对电导率(REC),从而增强三角梅的抗旱性。其中,喷施150μmol/L MT在干旱胁迫第9天时,植株萎蔫指数最低,叶片萎蔫程度最轻;RWC较CK显著提高62.35%,Fv/Fm和PI分别较CK提高115.38%和1100.00%;在干旱胁迫第6天时,REC较CK减少31.28%,SP和SS分别较CK显著提高33.10%和193.52%,CAT较CK提高60.36%。喷施150μmol/L MT三角梅的抗旱性综合评价值最高,为0.695。【结论】喷施150μmol/L MT 25 mL可有效提高三角梅的抗旱性,缓解干旱胁迫对其生长的抑制和损伤。【Objective】The effects of different exogenous substances on the growth morphology and physiological characteristics of Bougainvillea spectabilis seedlings under drought stress were explored to provide the basis for B.spectabilis to safely survive under short-term drought stress.【Method】Taking 25 mL distilled water as control(CK),the effects of foliar spraying with 25 mL abscisic acid with different concentrations〔50μmol/L(ABA_(1)),100μmol/L(ABA_(2)),150μmol/L(ABA_(3)),200μmol/L(ABA_(4))and 250μmol/L(ABA_(5))〕,5-aminolevulinic acid〔25 mg/L(ALA_(1)),50 mg/L(ALA_(2)),75 mg/L(ALA_(3)),100 mg/L(ALA_(4))and 125 mg/L(ALA_(5))〕,and melatonin〔50μmol/L(MT_(1)),100μmol/L(MT_(2)),150μmol/L(MT_(3)),200μmol/L(MT_(4))and 250μmol/L(MT_(5))〕on the growth morphology,photosynthetic index and physiological indicators of B.spectabilis cv.‘Rijinstar Pink’seedlings under drought stress were studied,and then the drought resistance of B.spectabilis was evaluated comprehensively by the membership function method.【Result】Compared with CK,spraying suitable concentrations of ABA,ALA and MT solutions could improve relative water content(RWC),photosynthetic performance index(PI),peroxidase(POD),and catalase(CAT)activities of B.spectabilis leaves to varying degree,boost maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II(Fv/Fm),promote accumulation of soluble proteins(SP)and soluble sugar content(SS),and reduce the relative electrical conductivity(REC),thereby enhancing the drought resistance of B.spectabilis.Among which applying 150μmol/L MT on the 9th day of drought stress exhibited the lowest wilting index and least leaf wilting degree.Compared with CK,RWC significantly increased by 62.35%,while Fv/Fm and PI increased by 115.38%and 1100.00%,respectively.On the 6th day of drought stress,REC decreased by 31.28%,and SP and SS increased significantly by 33.10%and 193.52%,respectively,and CAT increased by 60.36%compared with CK.Furthermore,the comprehensive evaluation val 150μmol/L MT was the highest at 0

关 键 词：三角梅 脱落酸 5-氨基乙酰丙酸 褪黑素 干旱胁迫 生理特性 抗旱性 

分 类 号：S685[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q949.745.3[农业科学—园艺学]