先锋蛋白肽对茶饼病的防效及茶叶品质的影响  

Effects of Pioneer Protein Peptide on Tea Quality and Control Efficiency Against Tea Blister Blight

作　　者：冯月玲 杨文利 罗涯鎔 郑周洲 朱秀英 张三中 周增太 宗志伦 陈兴龙 吴元竞 张蓉 刘辉 宋莉 FENG Yueling;YANG Wenli;LUO Yarong;ZHENG Zhouzhou;ZHU Xiuying;ZHANG Sanzhong;ZHOU Zengtai;ZONG Zhilun;CHEN Xinglong;WU Yuanjing;ZHANG Rong;LIU Hui;SONG Li(College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University/Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),Institute of Agro-bioengineering,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Institute of Biotechnology/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081;Grain,Oil and Tea Industry Station of Wudang Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Guiyang,Guizhou 550018;Guizhou Education University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550018;Guizhou Qian Zhi Xiang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001;Xiangyang Wei-en Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Xiangyang,Hubei 441200;Guizhou Tiangui Tea Industry Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang,Guizhou 550021;Guizhou Falaidi Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Longli,Guizhou 551202;Xinbao Comprehensive Service Centre for Agriculture of Wudang District,Guiyang,Guizhou 550021,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院/农业生物工程研究院,山地植物资源保护与保护种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省生物技术研究所/贵州省农业生物技术重点实验室,贵州贵阳550006 [3]贵阳康养职业大学,贵州贵阳550081 [4]乌当区农业农村局粮油茶产业站,贵州贵阳550018 [5]贵州师范学院,贵州贵阳550018 [6]贵州乾之象生物科技有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550001 [7]襄阳维恩生物科技有限公司,湖北襄阳441200 [8]贵州天贵茶业有限公司,贵州贵阳550021 [9]贵州发来地农业科技有限公司,贵州龙里551202 [10]贵州省贵阳市乌当区新堡布依族乡农业综合服务中心,贵州贵阳550021

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第9期59-66,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技成果转化一般项目“一种苦荞芽苗提取物在茶树炭疽病生物防治中的应用与示范”(黔科合成果〔2024〕一般078);贵阳市科技创新一般项目“贵阳茶园茶饼病绿色防控关键技术研究与示范”(筑科合同〔2022〕3-19);黔南州科技支撑计划项目“生防木霉菌在茶饼病和茶炭疽病绿色防控中的应用研究”(黔南科合〔2022〕01)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明茶园喷施先锋蛋白肽对茶饼病的防控效果及茶叶品质的影响,为其在茶园病害绿色防控及茶叶提质增效上应用提供依据。【方法】采用常规喷雾法,以喷施清水(CK1)和药剂〔CK2,25%吡唑醚菌酯水剂(140.63 g a.i./hm^(2))〕为对照,研究先锋蛋白肽(600 g a.i./hm^(2))不同施用次数(茶叶采摘前喷施1次、2次和3次)对茶饼病的田间防控潜力和茶叶品质的影响。【结果】茶叶喷施先锋蛋白肽1次、2次和3次对茶饼病的相对防效分别为73.91%、69.57%和21.74%,喷施2次和3次的相对防效显著低于CK2(77.50%),与CK1相比,CK2对茶叶的增产效果仅为1.23%,而施用先锋蛋白肽1次、2次和3次的茶叶增产效果分别为4.01%、26.46%和9.32%,相应的发芽密度(1587.71个/m^(2))和百芽重(21.04 g)均以施药2次的最高。施药次数不同对茶叶中咖啡碱含量影响不显著,但对茶多酚和游离氨基酸含量影响较大。鲜味、甜味氨基酸天冬氨酸(2.68 mg/g)、甘氨酸(0.23 mg/g)和丙氨酸(0.08 mg/g)含量在施药2次的茶叶中最高,在施药3次的茶叶中则以苦味氨基酸缬氨酸(0.15 mg/g)、亮氨酸(0.37 mg/g)、酪氨酸(0.08 mg/g)和组氨酸(0.28 mg/g)含量最高;酚氨比施药2次(3.56)的最低,施药3次(4.22)的最高;施药1次的茶叶表没食子儿茶素(1.03%)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(2.65%)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(0.71%)含量显著低于施药2次(1.22%、2.96%和0.81%),表儿茶素(0.73%)含量显著上升;苯丙氨酸(2.48 mg/g)、胱氨酸(6.57 mg/g)、蛋氨酸(6.63 mg/g)和脯氨酸(0.29 mg/g)等抗逆相关氨基酸含量以施药1次的最高。【结论】先锋蛋白肽施药2次既可高效防控茶饼病,亦可提高茶叶产质量,达到较好的防病、增产和提质效果。【Objective】The effects of spraying Pioneer protein peptide in tea plantation on tea quality and control efficiency against tea blister blight were explored to provide a reference for application of Pioneer protein peptide in tea plantation for green prevention and control of tea disease and the improvement of tea quality and efficiency.【Method】Taking clear water(CK1)and pesticide〔CK2,25%pyraclostrobin water agent(140.63 g a.i./hm^(2))〕as the control,the effects of Pioneer protein peptide(600 g a.i./hm^(2))with different application times(spraying once,twice and three times before picking tea)on the tea quality and field control potentiality against tea blister blight were studied by conventional spray method.【Result】The relative control efficacy of tea sprayed with Pioneer protein peptide once,twice and three times was 73.91%,69.57%and 21.74%,respectively,and the relative control efficacy of tea sprayed with Pioneer protein peptide twice and three times was significantly lower than that of CK2(77.50%).Compared with CK1,the yield-increasing of CK2 was only 1.23%,while for the once,twice and three times of Pioneer protein peptide was 4.01%,26.46%and 9.32%,respectively.The corresponding germination density(1587.71 individual/m^(2))and 100-bud weight(21.04 g)were the highest in the group treated with two times of Pioneer protein peptide.Different application times of Pioneer protein peptide had no significant effect on the caffeine content in tea,but had great effects on the contents of tea polyphenols and free amino acids.The contents of fresh and sweet amino acids of aspartic acid(2.68 mg/g),glycine(0.23 mg/g)and alanine(0.08 mg/g)were the highest in tea after two times of Pioneer protein peptide,and the contents of bitter amino acids of valine(0.15 mg/g),leucine(0.37 mg/g),tyrosine(0.08 mg/g)and histidine(0.28 mg/g)were the highest in three times of Pioneer protein peptide.The ratio of polyphenols to amino acids was the lowest in two times of application(3.56)and the highest in three times of appli

关 键 词：先锋蛋白肽 生物源药剂 茶饼病 施药次数 病情指数 田间防效 茶产量 

分 类 号：S436.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]