体育运动对大学生焦虑的影响:有调节的中介研究  

Effects of Physical Exercise on Anxiety in College Students:The Mediating Effect of Stress Perception and the Moderating Effect of Psychological Resilience

作　　者：王志锋 王冬梅 王逢云 蒋兵 冯宏伟 赵明 薛海红 WANG Zhifeng;WANG Dongmei;WANG Fengyun;JIANG Bing;FENG Hongwei;ZHAO Ming;XUE Haihong(Department of Physical Education,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an Shanxi,710048;College of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation,Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical Science,Tai’an Shandong,271000;Office of Student Affairs,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an Shanxi,710048)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学体育部,陕西西安710048 [2]山东第一医科大学运动医学与康复学院,山东泰安271000 [3]西安工程大学学工部,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《湖北体育科技》2024年第5期83-89,共7页Hubei Sports Science

基　　金：2021年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目资助(21YJA890034)。

摘　　要：目的探讨体育运动、压力知觉、焦虑和心理弹性之间的关系,进一步揭示体育运动的抗焦虑作用机制,为体育运动介入大学生心理干预提供理论依据。方法以2642名大学生为调查对象,采用体育锻炼等级量表、症状自评量表、压力知觉量表和心理弹性量表为测评工具对其进行测试。结果1)体育运动与焦虑和压力知觉之间存在显著负相关关系,与心理弹性存在正相关关系;2)压力知觉在体育运动与焦虑之间起部分中介作用;3)心理弹性调节了体育运动与焦虑、体育运动与压力知觉,以及压力知觉与焦虑的关系;4)大学生心理弹性水平越低,体育运动对其产生的抗焦虑和缓解压力的作用越明显。结论体育运动可以作为缓解大学生精神压力,对抗焦虑心理的有效方法,尤其是对心理弹性水平较低的个体作用更加明显。Objective The purpose of this study is to further reveal the mechanism of physical exercise in relieving anxiety by exploring the relationship between physical exercise,stress perception,anxiety and psychological resilience,and to provide a theoretical basis for the deep involvement of physical exercise in psychological intervention among college students.Methods A sample of 2,642 college students were recruited in the study to complete the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3,the Symptom Chechlist 90,Perceived Stress Scale and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.Results 1)There is a significant negative correlation between physical exercise and anxiety and stress perception,and there is a positive relationship between physical exercise and resilience.2)Stress perception plays a partial mediating role between physical exercise and anxiety.3)Resilience regulates the relationship between physical exercise and anxiety,the relationship between physical exercise and stress perception,the relationship between stress perception and anxiety.4)The lower the resilience level of college students,the more obvious the effect of physical exercise on anti-anxiety and stress relief.Conclusion Physical exercise can be used as an effective way to relieve the mental stress and fight the anxiety psychology,especially for the individuals with low psychological resilience.

关 键 词：体育运动 压力知觉 焦虑 心理弹性 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]