基于小波变换的光纤轴载信号降噪方法研究  

Research on the Denoising Method of Optical Fiber Axial Load Signal Based on Wavelet Transform

作　　者：胡一 牛涛 王旭纪 杨群[1] HU Yi;NIU Tao;WANG Xuji;YANG Qun

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [2]国道110线磴口黄河大桥工程建设管理办公室,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [3]国道110线黄羊木头至磴口段公路工程建设管理办公室,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [4]巴彦淖尔市交通运输综合行政执法支队,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000

出　　处：《上海公路》2024年第3期93-99,M0006,共8页Shanghai Highways

基　　金：内蒙古自治区交通运输厅建设科技项目(NJ-2021-17)。

摘　　要：随着道路交通基础设施进入更加注重养护和管理的新阶段,精确掌握车辆轴载参数,对交通基础设施的设计、管养以及安全具有重大意义。现以光纤传感技术采集到的轴载信号为研究对象,旨在通过小波变换的方法来提升轴载信号降噪效果,优化信号分析的准确性。基于实验室采集的轴载信号来构建仿真信号,并通过定量对比,分析不同小波基和分解层数对降噪性能的影响,识别出最优的降噪参数组合。结果表明,8阶Symlets小波基结合5层分解层数在降噪处理中的性能最优,显著提高了信噪比,并有效降低了均方误差。该研究成果为实际光纤轴载信号的降噪处理提供了理论依据和实践指导,对智能交通水平提升和道路科学养护管理具有积极的推动作用。As road traffic infrastructure into a new phase that emphasizes maintenance and management,accurately grasping vehicle axle load parameters becomes crucial for the design,maintenance,and safety of infrastructure.This study focuses on axle load signals collected using optical fiber sensing technology,aiming to improve the denoising effect of axle load signals through wavelet transform methods,thereby optimizing the accuracy of signal analysis.Based on the axle load signals collected in the laboratory,this study constructs simulated signals and conducts a quantitative comparative analysis on the impact of different wavelet bases and decomposition levels on denoising performance,identifying the optimal combination of denoising parameters.The results indicate that the combination of 8th order Symlets wavelet base with five levels of decomposition achieves optimal performance in noise reduction,significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and effectively reducing the mean squared error.The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for denoising actual optical fiber axle load signals,positively contributing to the enhancement of intelligent transportation levels and the scientific maintenance management of roads.

关 键 词：光纤传感 轴载信号 小波变换 降噪 信噪比 

分 类 号：U418[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U495[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP212[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]