仿生圆弧微槽对离心叶轮气动性能影响的数值研究  

Numerical Study on the Influence of Bionic Arc-Shaped Micro-Grooves on the Aerodynamic Performance of Centrifugal Impellers

作　　者：樊宏周[1] 雷伟鹏 岳宝 张伟江 郭红涛 席光[1] FAN Hongzhou;LEI Weipeng;YUE Bao;ZHANG Weijiang;GUO Hongtao;XI Guang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Guangdong Midea HVAC Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Foshan,Guangdong 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]广东美的暖通设备有限公司,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2024年第10期83-94,共12页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52130603)。

摘　　要：为提升离心叶轮的气动性能及降低流动损失,以鲨鱼表皮微沟槽为仿生原型,结合数控加工工艺开展了仿生圆弧微槽对离心叶轮气动性能影响的数值研究。针对叶片压力面和吸力面,首先在50%叶高处分别布置不同尺寸的仿生圆弧微槽,探求能使离心叶轮性能得到提升的最佳微槽尺寸;然后,分别按一定叶高间隔布置最佳尺寸的仿生圆弧微槽,研究微槽数量对离心叶轮流场和性能的影响;最后,按不同叶高间隔同时布置不同数量的仿生圆弧微槽,进一步探究其对气动性能的影响规律。数值结果表明:相对宽度为2%、深度为5%的微槽是提升离心叶轮性能的最佳微槽尺寸;在压力面和吸力面分别以7%、6%叶高间隔布置13、16条微槽,能够显著改善叶轮出口截面的流场分布,从而降低流动损失;在压力面和吸力面同时布置最佳尺寸及数量的微槽,能够进一步提升离心叶轮的气动性能,设计工况下等熵效率提升了0.63%,压比提升了0.40%。研究工作可为离心叶轮的设计优化及数控加工提供参考。To enhance the aerodynamic performance and reduce flow losses of centrifugal impellers,a numerical study is conducted to explore the effects of biomimetic arc-shaped micro-grooves,inspired by shark skin micro-grooves and implemented through computer numerical control machining technology.The study focuses on the pressure and suction surfaces of the impeller blades.Different sizes of biomimetic arc-shaped micro-grooves are strategically placed at 50%of the blade height to determine the optimal groove size for improving the performance of the centrifugal impeller.Subsequently,the optimal-sized micro-grooves are arranged at regular intervals along the blade height to assess the influence of the number of micro-grooves on the flow field and overall performance of the impeller.Furthermore,varying quantities of biomimetic arc-shaped micro-grooves are simultaneously positioned at different blade height intervals to further examine their impact on the aerodynamic performance.The numerical results reveal that micro-grooves with a relative width of 2%and a depth of 5%are identified as the optimal dimensions for enhancing the performance of the centrifugal impeller.Arranging 13 and 16 micro-grooves with intervals of 7%and 6%of the blade height on the pressure and suction surfaces,respectively,yield significant improvements in the flow distribution at the impeller’s exit section and result in reduced flow losses.By concurrently incorporating the optimal-sized micro-grooves in optimal quantities on both the pressure and suction surfaces,the aerodynamic performance of the centrifugal impeller is further enhanced.Under the design conditions,the isentropic efficiency improves by 0.63%,and the pressure ratio increases by 0.40%.This study provides valuable insights for the design optimization and computer numerical control machining of centrifugal impellers.

关 键 词：离心叶轮 仿生圆弧微槽 数控加工 气动性能 等熵效率 

分 类 号：TK05[动力工程及工程热物理]