水稻低温发芽力的研究进展与展望  

Research Progress and Prospect of Low Temperature Germinability in Rice

作　　者：周旭 杨梯丰[2] 刘祖培 周炼 ZHOU Xu;YANG Tifeng;LIU Zupei;ZHOU Lian(College of Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,China;Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology for Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广州510640 [2]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/广东省水稻工程实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《中国稻米》2024年第5期41-48,共8页China Rice

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金“OsGA2ox3调控水稻低温萌发的机理研究(2022A1515012328)”;广东省自然科学基金“一个新的水稻低温发芽力QTL qCtg-3的克隆及其聚合效应分析(2022A1515012135)”;广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室项目(2023B1212060042)。

摘　　要：低温萌发力是水稻适应极端天气、特别是水稻直播生产不可或缺的一个重要性状。本文综述了近年来关于水稻低温萌发力的鉴定方法、生理机制、分子克隆和遗传育种等方面的研究进展,提出了研究趋势与展望。在水稻低温萌发力鉴定方面,多采用13℃~15℃试验温度、低温萌发第10 d的萌发率为评价指标。利用图位克隆和全基因组关联分析(GWAS)等技术手段已鉴定的水稻低温萌发力相关QTL超过100个,但实现目的基因克隆的仅4个,关于分子机制方面的研究极少。当前水稻低温萌发力强的品种主要是从育成品种中筛选而来。水稻低温萌发生理机理和分子机理的研究将有助于提高低温萌发鉴定及其育种应用。Low temperature germinability is an indispensable trait for rice to adapt to extreme weather,especially for direct seeding of rice.This article reviewed the research progress on evaluation methods,physiological mechanism,molecular cloning and genetic breeding of rice low temperature germination in recent years,and proposed research trends and prospects.In the evaluation of rice low temperature germination,13℃-15℃is often used as the test temperature and the germination rate on the 10th day of low temperature germination is used as the evaluation index.More than 100 QTLs related to rice low temperature germination have been identified by mapping cloning and genome-wide association analysis(GWAS),but only 4 target genes have been cloned,and there is little research on the molecular mechanism.At present,rice varieties with strong low-temperature germination ability are mainly selected from cultivated varieties.The study of physiological and molecular mechanisms of low temperature germination in rice will be helpful to improve the evaluation of low temperature germination and its breeding application.

关 键 词：水稻 低温萌发 鉴定方法 分子克隆 遗传育种 

分 类 号：S511.043[农业科学—作物学]