以“四个统筹”为核心的农业水管理策略研究  

Strategic study on water use management in agriculture with“four coordinations”as the core

作　　者：吴普特[1] Wu Pute

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第17期13-20,共8页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1900400)。

摘　　要：近年来,我国粮食生产重心不断向以东北、黄淮海等为代表的北方地区转移,粮食生产呈现出与水资源分布错位的格局。粮食生产用水特征分析显示,北方地区的粮食生产水足迹低,但粮食水足迹占比大,与区域水资源可利用量的空间分布相悖,大规模粮食生产导致北方地区水资源压力不断增加。面对保障粮食安全面临的水资源禀赋不足、水土资源空间分布不均、国际突发事件影响等挑战,提出统筹蓝水与绿水利用,统筹实体水和虚拟水耦合调控,统筹国内和国际粮食虚拟水贸易,统筹农艺、工程、生物和管理节水措施等“四个统筹”,构建农业高效用水新理论与新方法,提升农业新质生产力在农业节水方面的效能,实现粮食生产和消费全过程用水安全。In recent years,China’s grain production has increasingly shifted to northern regions such as Northeast China and the Huang-Huai-Hai region,resulting in a mismatch between grain production areas and the distribution of water resources.The analysis of water characteristics in grain production shows that while the water footprint of grain production in northern regions is low,the proportion of the grain water footprint is high.This is contrary to the spatial distribution of the region’s available water resources.Large-scale grain production has led to increasing water resource pressure in northern regions.In response to challenges such as insufficient water resource endowment,uneven spatial distribution of water and soil resources,and the impacts of international emergencies on food security,this study proposes the“four coordinations”strategy.This strategy includes coordinating the use of blue water and green water,coordinating the coupling regulation of physical and virtual water,coordinating domestic and international virtual water trade in food,and coordinating agronomic,engineering,biological,and management water-saving measures.By constructing new theories and methods for efficient water use in agriculture and enhancing the role of new quality productive forces in agricultural water conservation,the goal is to achieve water security throughout the entire process of food production and consumption.

关 键 词：水安全 粮食安全 水足迹 虚拟水 新质生产力 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源] S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]