生成式AI热潮给高等教育带来的挑战和思考  

Challenges and Reflections on Higher Education from the Generative AI Boom

作　　者：孙道华[1] 林丽芹 詹国武 田间 韩优[4] 李清彪[1,5] SUN Daohua;LIN Liqin;ZHAN Guowu;TIAN Jian;HAN You;LI Qingbiao(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China;College of Chemical Engineering and Materials,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000,Fujian,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;School of Chemical Engineering&Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;College of Ocean Food and Biologic Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院,福建厦门361005 [2]泉州师范学院化工与材料学院,福建泉州362000 [3]华侨大学化工学院,福建厦门361021 [4]天津大学化工学院,天津300072 [5]集美大学海洋食品与生物工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《化工高等教育》2024年第4期2-15,共14页Higher Education in Chemical Engineering

基　　金：天津市重点教改项目(A231005607)。

摘　　要：随着生成式AI技术,特别是以ChatGPT为代表的大语言模型的快速发展,高等教育领域正面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战。文章通过系统梳理生成式AI技术的发展过程,分析了其在教育和科研情景中的应用现状。经文献对比和案例分析后发现,生成式AI技术在提升教学质量、促进个性化学习和提高科研效率方面具有显著优势,但同时也引发了数据隐私与安全、学术诚信以及责任归属等伦理和法律问题。文章进一步探讨了各国政府和国内外高校针对生成式AI技术采取的策略和具体实践,并从顶层设计、课程体系、教学模式以及潜在风险方面提出了借助生成式AI技术提升化工高等教育水平的建议,为AI时代化工卓越人才培养提供参考。With the rapid development of generative AI technology,especially the large language model represented by ChatGPT,higher education is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges.By systematically tracing the development history of generative Al technology,this paper analyzes the current status of its application in education and scientific research.Through literature comparison and case analysis,it is found that generative AI technologies have significant advantages in improving teaching quality,promoting personalized learning and enhancing the efficiency of scientific research,but at the same time,they also raise ethical and legal issues such as data privacy and security,academic integrity and responsibility attribution.The strategies and practices adopted by governments and universities at home and abroad for generative Al technologies are further discussed,and suggestions on improving the level of chemical engineering higher education with generative AI technologies are proposed in terms of top-level design,curriculum system,teaching mode,and potential risks to provide guidance for the cultivation of outstanding chemical engineering talents in the AI era.

关 键 词：生成式AI ChatGPT 化工 高等教育 

分 类 号：TQ0-4[化学工程] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]