南方平原河网河流生态需水研究进展  

Research Progress in Ecological Water Demand of Rivers in the Plain River Network of South China

作　　者：姚仕明[1,2] 江宇琪 丁兵[2,3] 范达福 YAO Shi-ming;JIANG Yu-qi;DING Bing;FAN Da-fu(Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Water Resources on River and Lake Regulation and Flood Control in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;River Research Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院,武汉430010 [2]长江科学院水利部长江中下游河湖治理与防洪重点实验室,武汉430010 [3]长江科学院河流研究所,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2024年第9期192-199,共8页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3202601);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2022166/HL,CKSF2021530/HL)。

摘　　要：生态需水是保障流域水生态环境科学调控和可持续发展的重要指标,是维系平原河网生态系统的基本要素。城市的加速发展及水利工程的兴建改变了河网河流的水文特征和河床地貌演变规律,可能导致河流生态功能减弱、生物多样性减少等问题,因此,生态需水逐渐成为研究热点。归纳总结了我国南方平原河网河流生态需水研究的最新进展,根据生态需水研究现状及重难点,系统地对水文学法、水力学法等计算方法在南方平原河网典型河流中的应用进行了分析总结,探究其优缺点及适用条件。针对南方平原河网河流条件复杂多样的情况,建议根据实际情况选择适宜的生态需水计算方法,持续完善河流生态需水分区分类研究,为促进水资源高效利用和生态环境保护提供科技支撑。Ecological water demand,being essential for maintaining the health of plain river network ecosystem,serves as a crucial indicator for the scientific regulation and sustainable development of water ecological environment in river basins.However,accelerated urban development and the construction of water conservancy projects have altered the hydrological characteristics of river networks and the evolution of riverbed landforms,potentially weakening river ecological functions and reducing biodiversity.Consequently,ecological water demand has become a significant research focus.This review summarizes latest progresses in the study of ecological water demand of plain river network in south China.It examines the current status of ecological water demand research,identifies prevailing challenges,and systematically analyzes hydrological and hydraulic calculation methods applicable to typical rivers in this region.By exploring the advantages,disadvantages,and applicable conditions of these methods,the review emphasizes the need to select appropriate calculation methods based on the complex and diverse conditions,and proposes to refine the research on ecological water demand zoning.This tailored approach aims to enhance the effective utilization of water resources and provide technical support for ecological environmental protection.

关 键 词：生态需水 南方平原河网 计算方法 水文学法 水力学法 

分 类 号：TV1[水利工程]