社交媒体网络辟谣回音室效应分析模型及实验研究  

Analysis Model and Experimental Study of the Echo Chamber Effect in Debunking Rumors on Social Media Networks

作　　者：王晰巍[1,2,3] 孙哲[1] 姜奕冰 李玥琪 Wang Xiwei;Sun Zhe;Jiang Yibing;Li Yueqi(School of Business and Management,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Research Center for Big Data Management,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Research Center of Cyberspace Governance,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学商学与管理学院,吉林长春130022 [2]吉林大学大数据管理研究中心,吉林长春130022 [3]吉林大学网络空间治理研究中心,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《现代情报》2024年第10期3-17,共15页Journal of Modern Information

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金面上项目“重大突发事件下智能推荐算法对网络舆情演化影响及风险预警研究”(项目编号:20240101372JC)。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]社交媒体因其受众广和传播速度快的特点,成为网络谣言传播的重要媒介。鉴于网络谣言的危害性,如何有效控制谣言传播和及时进行辟谣,对网络谣言的辟谣工作和网络空间生态治理具有重要的理论和现实意义。[方法/过程]本文提出网络辟谣主题识别及用户情感态度划分的方法,根据LDA算法确定划分主题数,在最优主题数下构建用户层级和社区层级的回音室网络,并给出社交媒体网络辟谣的回音室效应分析模型,确立了回音室效应分析公式及检验参数。结合“东航MU5735坠机”网络舆情话题中网络谣言辟谣数据进行分析,对6个网络辟谣主题进行识别和情感分布进行分析,并结合6个辟谣主题进行用户评论网络与转发网络回音室网络结构进行分析,计算每个辟谣主题下回音室效应的虚拟社区层级的评论网络和转发网络中每个虚拟社区主题的同质性。[结果/结论]研究发现,社交网络中辟谣信息的传播过程中存在回音室效应,其中转发过程比评论过程具有更强的网络同质性,而评论用户比转发用户具有更高的矛盾心理。[Purpose/Significance]Social media has become an essential medium for the spread of online rumors due to its wide audience and rapid dissemination.In light of the harmful effects of online rumors,understanding how to effectively control their spread and timely debunk them holds significant theoretical and practical implications for governing the cyberspace ecology.[Method/Process]This study proposed a method to identify themes in online rumor debunking and to categorize users emotional attitudes.It determined the number of topics using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)algorithm and constructed user-level and community-level echo chamber networks based on the optimal number of topics.The study presented a model for analyzing the echo chamber effect in social media networks that debunk rumors and established the analysis formula and test parameters for this effect.Utilizing data from the“China Eastern Airlines MU5735 crash”online public opinion topic,the study analyzed the identification and emotional distribution of six online rumor debunking themes.It further examined the network structure of user comments and forwarding subnets within the echo chamber network,related to the six debunking themes.The study also calculated the homogeneity of each virtual community theme in the comment and forwarding subnets of the echo chamber effect for each debunking theme.[Result/Conclusion]The study finds that an echo chamber effect exists in the transmission process of debunking rumored information in social networks.The forwarding process exhibits stronger network homogeneity than the comment process,and users who comment show higher ambivalence than those who forward the information.

关 键 词：社交媒体 网络谣言辟谣 回音室效应 分析模型 实验研究 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]