基于口述历史资源的名人历史事件语义模型构建及实证研究  

Construction and Empirical Study of a Semantic Model for Celebrity Historical Events Based on Oral Historical Resources

作　　者：刘宁静[1] 孙翌[1] 刘音[1] 周锋[1] Liu Ningjing;Sun Yi;Liu Yin;Zhou Feng(Library,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学图书馆,上海200240

出　　处：《现代情报》2024年第10期168-177,共10页Journal of Modern Information

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目一般课题“数字人文视域下口述历史档案资源知识图谱构建及应用研究”(项目编号:22BTQ083)。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]口述历史资源具有重要的史料价值和精神价值,具有跨图书馆、档案馆、博物馆、科技馆等多领域的异构资源特征,由口述历史资源析出的名人历史事件,其“自下而上”研究历史的新途径,受到了历史、档案、图情领域的普遍重视。事件的知识组织与应用一直是知识处理的重点和难点问题,而在数字人文视角下,名人历史事件的知识化是对名人特藏资源进行知识重组、价值挖掘和叙事展演的重要基础。[方法/过程]在前人研究的基础上,本文对名人历史事件的内涵、特征和应用需求进行了总结与分析,构建了名人历史事件语义模型,并以科学家李政道和其创办CUSPEA事件为例进行语义模型的实例化构建。[结果/结论]在名人历史事件语义模型基础上所建设的图数据库,能够形成更具灵活性、细粒度、可扩展、相关联的实体关系和知识,实现不同类型的用户对名人特色资源进行语义级查询、主题性聚合、叙事化展示和可视化呈现的知识表示。[Purpose/Significance]Oral historical resources have important historical and spiritual value,with heterogeneous resource characteristics across multiple fields such as libraries,archives,museums,and science and technology museums.The historical events of celebrities separated from oral historical resources,as well as their new“bottom-up”approach to studying history,have received widespread attention in the fields of history,archives,and information.The organization and application of event knowledge is the key and difficult issue in knowledge processing,and from the perspective of digital humanities,the knowledge-based transformation of celebrity historical events is an important foundation for knowledge reorganization,value mining,and narrative performance of celebrity special collection resources.[Method/Process]On the basis of previous research,the article summarized and analyzed the connotation,characteristics,and application requirements of celebrity historical events,constructed a semantic model of celebrity historical events,and instantiated the semantic model using the scientist Li Zhengdao and the founder CUSPEA event as an example.[Result/Conclusion]Based on the semantic model,the graph database could form more flexible,fine-grained,scalable,and related entity relationships and knowledge,achieving the application requirements of semantic level queries,thematic aggregation,narrative display,and visual presentation of celebrity characteristic resources for different types of users.

关 键 词：口述历史资源 名人历史事件 语义模型 知识表示 

分 类 号：G254[文化科学—图书馆学]