幔源岩浆成因的实验岩石学约束  

Experimental petrological constraints on the origin of mantle-derived magmas

作　　者：王煜 WANG Yu(State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,同位素地球化学国家重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2024年第4期706-720,I0002,共16页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0801001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42222204)。

摘　　要：作为地幔熔融的直接产物,幔源岩浆的成分和性质忠实地记录了地幔源区的化学组成并能反映其演化过程,为深入理解地球内部的动力学过程和演化历史提供了重要信息。得益于近年来高温高压实验装置和微区分析测试手段的大幅改进,科学家们能够在高温高压条件下正演模拟和记录地幔岩石的物理化学反应,通过控制实验条件和初始物质成分,揭示不同地质环境下的地幔部分熔融机制,约束幔源岩浆的生成和演化过程。本文通过对不同幔源岩浆成因的实验岩石学研究进行系统梳理,总结了单一地幔橄榄岩源区的熔融、地幔源区其他岩石类型的熔融、地幔源区不同岩石的混合熔融三方面相关实验的研究现状、突出进展和存在问题,并结合深地科学的发展方向,对未来有关幔源岩浆成因和壳幔相互作用的实验研究前景进行了展望。As direct products of mantle melting,mantle-derived magmas faithfully record the chemical composition and properties of the mantle source region.Their compositions and properties can be used to reveal their evolution processes,and to provide important information for deeply understanding dynamic processes and evolutionary history of the Earth’s interior.Recent advancements in high-temperature high-pressure experimental apparatus and microanalytical techniques have significantly enhanced our capacity to simulate and document the physicochemical reactions of mantle rocks under the high-temperature high-pressure conditions.By delicately controlling experimental conditions and starting material compositions,we can assess the mechanism of partial melting of the mantle in different geological settings,thereby constraining the formation and evolution processes of mantlederived magmas.In this paper,I have systematically reviewed the experimental petrological investigations pertaining to the genesis of different mantle-derived magmas,and have summarized the status,outstanding progress and persisting challenges in three related experimental research fields including the melting process of single mantle peridotite source,the melting of other rock types within the mantle source,and the hybridization melting of different rocks in the mantle source.Furthermore,considering the future direction of deep Earth science,the paper proffers a prospective outlook on the experimental frontiers concerning the origin of mantle-derived magmas and the crust-mantle interaction.

关 键 词：实验岩石学 幔源岩浆成因 壳幔相互作用 物质再循环 部分熔融 

分 类 号：P589[天文地球—岩石学]