镇江市沿江滩地造林绿化建设对钉螺控制及血吸虫病防控的效果分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation of the effect of afforestation and greening construction on snail control and schistosomiasis prevention and control in the beach along the river in Zhenjiang City

作　　者：李爱华 神学慧 王琳[1] 李莎莎 张万军[1] 李叶芳 LI Aihua;SHEN Xuehui;WANG Lin;LI Shasha;ZHANG Wanjun;LI Yefang(Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhenjiang 212004,Jiangsu Province,China;Dantu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhenjiang 212028,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]镇江市疾病预防控制中心,江苏镇江212004 [2]镇江市丹徒区疾病预防控制中心,江苏镇江212028

出　　处：《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》2024年第3期129-133,共5页Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases

基　　金：江苏省血地寄科研课题项目(项目编号:x202113);镇江“金山英才”高层次领军人才培养计划(第六期“169”工程)科研资助项目。

摘　　要：目的 调查镇江市丹徒区沿江滩地造林的抑螺效果及其对控制血吸虫病疫情的作用,为镇江市血吸虫病综合治理提供科学依据。方法 选择镇江市丹徒区2个乡镇的4个环境作为监测点,收集历史资料,并于2021—2023年对螺情、病情、野鼠及环境野粪感染等开展调查,比较造林前后螺情变化、人及野生动物感染情况,评估长江两岸造林绿化建设抑螺防病效果。应用SPSS 20.0软件和χ^(2)检验进行2组间率的比较,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 4个环境共查螺4 737框,活螺密度在0.17~0.94只/0.1 m^(2)之间,无感染性钉螺;造林后第1年活螺密度均下降了50%以上;除东南湾至下新芦管所江滩外(χ^(2)=3.76,P=0.053),其他3个环境造林后第1年活螺框出现率均低于造林前1年(P均<0.05);人群血检阳性率为1.19%;未发现粪检阳性;共捕获野鼠26只,无阳性野鼠;共发现野粪92份,未发现阳性野粪。结论 滩地造林绿化建设有明显的短期抑螺控螺作用,建议加强林地环境的规范管理和螺情监测与控制,更好地发挥滩地林地长期抑螺作用。Objective To investigate the effect of afforestation on snail control and schistosomiasis control in beaches along the river in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City,and to provide scientific basis for the comprehensive control of schistosomiasis in Zhenjiang City.Methods A total of 4 environments in 2 townships in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City were selected as monitoring points.By collecting historical data,the snail situation,disease condition,wild mice and environmental wild manure infection were investigated from 2021 to 2023.The changes of snail situation,human and wild animal infection before and after afforestation were compared, and the effect of afforestationand greening construction on snail control and disease prevention on both sides of the YangtzeRiver was evaluated. The rates between the two groups were compared by SPSS 20.0 software andChi- square test. P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results A total of 4 737frames of snails were examined in the four environments, and the density of living snails wasbetween 0.17-0.94/0.1 m^(2),with no schistosome infected snails. The density of living snails decreasedby more than 50% in the first year after afforestation. Except for the marshland from Dongnanwanto Xiaxin Luguansuo (χ^(2)=3.76,P=0.053),the occurrence rates of living snail frames in the otherthree environments in the first year after afforestation was significantly lower than those in the firstyear before afforestation (all P<0.05) . The positive rate of human blood test was 1.19%. Noschistosoma fecal test positive patients were found. A total of 26 wild rats were captured,and noschistosoma infected rats. A total of 92 portions of wild feces were found,no schistosoma positivewild feces. Conclusions The afforestation and green construction of the beach had obvious shorttermsnail inhibition effect. It is suggested to strengthen the standardized management of forest landenvironment and the monitoring and control of snail situation, so as to better play the long- termsnail inhibitio

关 键 词：滩地造林 钉螺 孳生影响 效果分析 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]