2004—2022年平塘县报告乙肝流行特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Pingtang County from 2004 to 2022

作　　者：黄大义 廖时焕 宋昌宇 HUANG Dayi;LIAO Shihuan;SONG Changyu(Pingtang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Pingtang 558300,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]平塘县疾病预防控制中心,贵州平塘558300

出　　处：《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》2024年第3期134-138,共5页Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases

摘　　要：目的 通过对2004—2022年平塘县报告的乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)流行状况进行系统性分析,为优化辖区内乙肝的防控措施提供参考。方法 收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测模块的2004—2022年平塘县乙肝报告数据,采用WPS 2019和SPSS 27.0软件进行描述性流行病学分析。率的比较用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2004—2022年平塘县乙肝病例报告4 068例,年均报告发病率为66.01/10万;2004—2013年报告发病率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=8.67,P<0.001),2014—2022年报告发病率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=5.30,P=0.002)。报告的乙肝病例中,男性2 541例,女性1 527例,男女差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.055,P=0.008)。乙肝报告发病年龄主要集中在15~69岁,占89.57%;农民群体占比最大,为77.65%。乙肝年均报告发病率最高的是金盆街道,为102.68/10万,各乡(镇、街道)报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.018,P=0.008)。结论 2004—2022年平塘县乙肝报告发病率总体呈先升后降趋势。在继续巩固乙肝疫苗免疫规划及入学入托查漏补种工作的同时,应强化对学生、成人乙肝抗体筛查及乙肝疫苗接种(加强)服务,扩大乙肝筛查范围,深化医防融合,加大乙肝防治知识宣传及高危人群的综合防控力度,降低乙肝传播风险,降低乙肝流行。Objective Based on the systematic analysis of the epidemic status of hepatitis B reported in Pingtang County from 2004 to 2022,to provide reference for optimizing the prevention and control measures of hepatitis B in the jurisdiction.Methods The hepatitis B report data from the infectious disease surveillance module of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System of Pingtang County from 2004 to 2022 were collected,and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted by using WPS 2019 and SPSS 27.0 software.χ^(2) test was used to compare the rates,and the difference P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results 4068 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Pingtang County from 2004 to 2022,with an average annual incidence of 66.01/105.The reported incidence showed an increasing trend from 2004 to 2013(χ^(2) trend=8.67,P<0.001),and a decreasing trend of incidence rate from 2014 to 2022 (χ^(2)trend=5.30,P=0.002) . There were 2 541cases of hepatitis B in males and 1 527 cases in females, and the difference between male andfemale was statistically significant (χ^(2)=7.055,P=0.008) . The age of hepatitis B was mainly from15 to 69 years old,accounting for 89.57%. The peasant group accounted for the largest proportion(77.65%) . The average annual reported incidence of hepatitis B was the highest in JinpanSubdistrict (102.68/105),and the reported incidence of hepatitis B was significantly different amongtownships (towns and subdistricts)(χ^(2)=7.018,P=0.008) . Conclusions From 2004 to 2022, thereported incidence of hepatitis B in Pingtang County showed a trend of first increasing and thendecreasing. While continuing to consolidate the hepatitis B vaccine immunization program and thework of missed replanting in school enrollment, hepatitis B antibody screening and hepatitis Bvaccination for students and adults should be strengthened. The scope of hepatitis B screeningshould be expanded, the integration of medical and prevention should be deepened, and theknowledge of hepatitis B prevention and cont

关 键 词：乙肝 报告发病 流行特征 分析 平塘县 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]