碎石道床吸污装备的发展与应用  

Development and Application of Sewage Suction Equipment for Ballast Beds

作　　者：井国庆[1] 谢家乐 刘浩 王勇[1] Jing Guoqing;Xie Jiale;Liu Hao

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京市100044 [2]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所

出　　处：《工程机械》2024年第9期173-177,I0025,共6页Construction Machinery and Equipment

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021JBWZ022)。

摘　　要：随着我国铁路线网逐步向高速化、重载化发展,有砟轨道结构服役周期面临巨大挑战,尤其是客货共线提速段及运煤重载、风沙地区等特殊线路,在复杂环境及列车循环荷载共同作用下,道床劣化和脏污严重,对列车安全平稳运行造成极大隐患。目前,传统大型机械清筛捣固等维修方式,对轨道结构存在较大扰动,维修成本高,并且维修后的线路各项力学指标欠佳。介绍以真空吸污为原理的一系列新型碎石道床吸污装备,归纳整理不同有砟道床结构应用的吸污装备,提出应用建议。研究结果表明,道床吸污工艺对正常行车运营干扰小,适用于有砟结构的养护维修,运用方式和工况灵活,有助于延长道床维修周期,尤其适用于重载、风沙线路,也适用于城市轨道交通有砟道床结构。With the gradual development of China's railway network towards high speed and heavy duty,the service cycle of ballasted track structures is facing a huge challenge,especially in special lines of acceleration sections of mixed traffic lines,heavy-duty areas for coal transport and windy and sandy areas,and under the common action of complex environments and train cyclic loads,the deterioration and sewage of ballast beds are getting worse,posing great potential hazards to the safe and stable operation of trains.At present,traditional repair methods of using large-scale machinery for cleaning and tamping cause a large disturbance to the track structure,with high repair costs,and the mechanical indicators of the line after repair are not good.A series of new sewage suction equipment for ballast beds based on the principle of vacuum suction is introduced,sewage suction equipment applied to different ballasted structures is summarized,and application suggestions are made.The research results show that the sewage suction process for ballast beds has little interference with normal train operation,is suitable for maintenance and repair of ballasted structures,is flexible in application methods and working conditions,helps to extend the repair cycle of ballast beds and is especially applicable to heavy-duty and windy and sandy lines as well as ballasted structures of urban rail transit.

关 键 词：碎石道床 道床脏污 养护维修 吸污装备 

分 类 号：U216.422[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]