遵义市城区室内灰尘中有机酚类污染物的含量调查及风险评价  

Investigation and risk assessment of organic phenolic pollutants in indoor dust in urban area of Zunyi City

作　　者：范佳鹭 何燚帆 杨凯 杨昱 FAN Jia-lu;HE Yi-fan;YANG Kai;YANG Yu(School of Public Health,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi,Guizhou 563000,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学公共卫生学院,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2024年第6期523-527,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委员会项目(gzwkj2023-475);遵义医科大学大学生创新创业项目(ZYDC202202075)。

摘　　要：目的 了解遵义市城区室内灰尘中双酚A(BPA)、壬基酚(NP)和辛基酚(OP)的污染现状和人体日暴露风险,为建立和完善该市环境中BPA、NP和OP污染物的相关管控措施提供数据支持。方法 于2022年12-2月、6-8月在遵义市4个城区采集灰尘样品,利用高效液相色谱技术进行BPA、NP和OP的检测。使用日暴露剂量(ADD)和人体健康风险系数(HI)对室内灰尘中BPA、NP和OP的污染状况进行评价。结果 采集的36份室内灰尘中均有BPA、NP和OP检出,含量范围在夏季分别为87.18~9 284.09、566.80~6 707.29、未检出~23 489.38 ng/g;在冬季分别为95.09~5 115.10、789.91~10 088.19、未检出~11 168.48 ng/g。夏季遵义市4个城区室内灰尘中NP含量差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。红花岗区室内灰尘中BPA含量、汇川区室内灰尘中NP含量在冬夏两季的差异均有统计学意义(P=0.038及P=0.021),呈现出冬季高于夏季的特征。遵义市城区室内灰尘中3种有机酚类含量两两呈正相关。室内灰尘中3种有机酚类污染物造成的总非癌症风险值小于1。结论 本次调查的城区室内灰尘中存在BPA、NP和OP污染,成人和儿童暴露于3种有机酚类造成的总非癌症风险属于可接受安全范围,但儿童风险值大于成人。Objective To understand the pollution status and daily exposure risk of BPA,NP and OP in indoor environment in the urban area of Zunyi City,and to provide the scientific data for the establishment and improvement of environmental control measures of BPA,NP and OP pollutants in Zunyi City.Methods The dust samples were collected in four main urban areas of Zunyi City from December to February and from June to August 2022.BPA,NP and OP were detected by high performance liquid chromatography.Daily exposure dose(ADD)and human health risk factor(HI)were used to evaluate the contamination status of BPA,NP and OP in indoor dust.Result BPA,NP and OP were detected in 36 samples of indoor dust collected.Their pollution levels in the summer were 87.18-9284.09,566.80-6707.29 and 0-23489.38 ng/g and in winter were 95.09-5115.10,789.91-10088.19 and 0-11168.48 ng/g,respectively,with significant differences.The content of BPA in indoor dust in Huagang District(P=0.038)and NP in indoor dust in Huichuan District(P=0.021)had a statistically significant difference between winter and summer,showing that winter was higher than summer.The pairings of three organic phenolic pollutants in indoor dust in the main urban area of Zunyi City were positively correlated.The total non-cancer risk value of three organic phenol pollutants in house dust was<1.Conclusion There are BPA,NP and OP pollution in indoor dust in the urban area of Zunyi City.The total non-cancer risk in adults and children from exposure to the three organic phenols is within the acceptable safe range,but the risk value is greater in children than in adults.

关 键 词：双酚A 壬基酚 辛基酚 遵义城区 室内灰尘 风险评价 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学] R181.3[医药卫生—药学]